3 states of matter

• What are the three common states of matter?

  Solids, liquids, and gases
• How are particles arranged in solids?

  Particles in solids are packed together in a regular pattern with almost no spaces
• Why can solids not flow from place to place?

  Because the particles can vibrate but cannot move from place to place
• How are particles arranged in liquids?

  Particles in liquids are close together with not many spaces between them
• Why can liquids flow from place to place?

  Because the particles in a liquid can move
• How are particles arranged in gases?

  Particles in gases are widely spaced
• Why are gases easy to compress?

  Because the particles are widely spaced
• What happens to a solid when it is heated?

  It changes state to a liquid, called melting
• What is the melting point?

  The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid
• Why do particles in a liquid have more kinetic energy than in a solid?

  Because they are moving around more freely
• What is the relationship between the strength of forces of attraction and melting point?

  The stronger the forces of attraction, the higher the melting point
• What is an example of a solid with a low melting point?

  Candle wax
• What is an example of a solid with a high melting point?

  Sodium chloride
• What happens when a liquid is cooled?

  It can convert back to a solid, called freezing
• What is the boiling point?

  The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas
• What happens when a gas is cooled?

  It can convert back to a liquid, called condensing
• What is the relationship between the strength of forces of attraction and boiling point?

  The stronger the forces of attraction, the higher the boiling point
• What does the simple particle model assume about particles?

  It assumes that all particles are solid spheres
• What is a limitation of the simple particle model regarding particle shapes?

  Particles have lots of different shapes and are not solid
• What does the simple particle model assume about forces between particles?

  It assumes that there are no forces between the particles
• How do forces of attraction impact melting and boiling points?

  They have a major impact on the melting and boiling points of a substance
• What are the changes of state and their corresponding terms?

  • Melting: solid to liquid
  • Freezing: liquid to solid
  • Boiling: liquid to gas
  • Condensing: gas to liquid
• What are the features of solids, liquids, and gases based on particle theory?

  • Solids:
  • Hard to compress
  • Fixed shape
  • Particles vibrate but do not move
  • Liquids:
  • Hard to compress
  • Take the shape of their container
  • Particles can move
  • Gases:
  • Easy to compress
  • Fill the space of their container
  • Particles move quickly and randomly
• why does sublimination take place?


  This happens because the bond's from in the  solid are so easily broken due to being very weak, that they can become straight into the gaseous state without having to become a liquid first then into gas.