Industrial and Post-Industrial

• What period was Britain Industrial?

  1780-1900
• What caused the era of Rational Recreation?


  Transport and communication were increased

  Movement of people to cities and urban environments

  Factories and jobs caused migration
• The features of Rational Recreation and British society?

  The Industrial Revolution

  Urbanization

  Increased communication

  Influence from the Church

  The British Empire

  Emergence of the Middle Class

  Public provisions

  NGB's

  The Transport Revolution
• Impacts of the Industrial Revolution (1st half)

  Migration of lower class into cities for work

  Loss of leisure time to work

  Lack of income from poorly paying jobs

  Poor health and hygiene in the cities

  Lost rights which restricted the playing of mobbed football

  Lack of sports facilites
• Initial Negatives to Industrial Revolution

  Hygiene

  Income

  Time

  Facility

  Overcrowding

  Rights
• Improvements to Industrial Revolution Life (2nd half)

  Improved health and hygiene due to better living conditions

  Public provisions included public baths and sports facilities

  Cheaper and more accessible travel

  Improved wages and days for rest away from work to play sport

  Creation of leagues due to better travel
• First Train from Liverpool to Manchester

  1830
• The Second Half Industrial Revolution (Improved)


  Health + Hygiene

  Wages

  Middle-class development

  Influence of school boys

  Value of athleticism

  Industrial patronage

  Transport and communications
• Characteristics of Rational Recreation in Sport

  Respectability and etiquette

  Regional and rational leagues

  Complex administration and codification

  Introduction of referees and match officials

  Construction of sports facilities

  Tactical gameplay
• The Much Wenlock Games

  Began in 1850 and introduced by Dr William Penny Brookes

  Made up of traditional sports and entertainer sports (wheelbarrow racing)

  Began the idea of the modern Olympics and influenced its creation

  Promoted moral and physical improvements
• Creation of the International Olympic Committee (IOC)


  Heavily influenced by the Much Wenlock Games after Barron Pierre de Coubertin

  The first official Olympic Games occurred in 1891 in Athens (the original birthplace of the Olympics)

  The second event would take place in Paris and signalled its beginning in Europe
• Cultural Changes during the Industrial Revolution

  Urbanisation

  Transport Revolution

  Communications

  The Church

  The Emergence of a Middle-Class

  The British Empire

  Improved Public Provisions

  Introduction of NGB's
• NGB's


  National Governing Bodies which organise and administrate sport

  Regulate sports activity on a national level
• The Amateur Code


  Playing for the love and passion for the sport
• The Professional Code


  Emphasis on winning and incentivised by money or rewards
• Positive Impacts of Amateurism

  Held the higher classes in society

  Played to enjoy the sport rather than receiving rewards

  Adhered to a code of etiquette and good morals

  The elite performers of the 19th century and influenced the playing and rules of the sport
• Positive Impacts of Professionalism

  The lower and working classes of society

  Given time off from work to perform sport

  Gave the poor mobility to rise in society