Physics CP01 Motion

• What is a vector quantity?

  A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction.
• What is a scalar quantity?

  A scalar quantity has only magnitude.
• Why is it important to distinguish between vector and scalar quantities?

  It is important because they behave differently in calculations and physical interpretations.
• What are examples of scalar and vector quantities?

  Scalar quantities:

  • Mass
  • Speed
  • Time
  • Energy
  • Temperature

  
  

  Vector quantities:

  • Displacement
  • Velocity
  • Acceleration
  • Force
  • Momentum
• Is displacement a vector or scalar quantity?

  Displacement is a vector quantity.
• What is the difference between distance and displacement?

  Distance is a scalar quantity, while displacement is a vector quantity.
• Why is velocity considered a vector quantity?

  Because it has both magnitude and direction.
• Why is speed considered a scalar quantity?

  Because it has only magnitude and no direction.
• How does the graphical representation of a vector change if the magnitude increases?

  The length of the arrow increases.
• How does the graphical representation of a vector change if the direction changes?

  The direction of the arrow changes.
• Why is it important to use vectors in the study of motion?

  Vectors provide a complete description of motion, including direction.
• How can you demonstrate acceleration using a go-kart and a stopwatch?

  By measuring the change in speed over time.
• What is the difference between instantaneous and average acceleration?

  Instantaneous acceleration is the acceleration at a specific moment, while average acceleration is over a time interval.
• What is the acceleration of a car that increases its speed from 0 to 30 m/s in 5 seconds?

  The acceleration is $6 \text{ m/s}^2$.
• What is the rate of acceleration measured in?

  It is measured in metres per second squared (m/s²).
• What does it mean if a body is accelerating?

  It means the body is changing its velocity.
• How is acceleration related to mass, velocity, force, and distance?

  Acceleration can be described by specific equations relating these quantities.
• What is the equation for velocity in terms of initial velocity, acceleration, and time?

  $v =$$u +$$at$
• What is the equation for distance in terms of initial velocity, acceleration, and time?

  $s =$$ut +$$\frac{1}{2} at^2$
• What is the equation relating velocity squared, initial velocity squared, acceleration, and distance?

  $v^2 =$$u^2 +$$2as$
• How do you calculate the acceleration of a car that accelerates from 15 m/s to 30 m/s in 1.5 seconds?

  The acceleration is $10 \text{ m/s}^2$.
• How far did a cyclist ride while accelerating from 7 m/s to 8 m/s with an acceleration of 1.5 m/s²?

  Use the equation $s =$$ut +$$\frac{1}{2}at^2$ to calculate the distance.
• What is the approximate value of acceleration due to gravity on Earth?

  Approximately $9.8 \text{ m/s}^2$.
• Why is the acceleration due to gravity considered a constant value?

  Because it does not depend on the object's mass.
• How do you calculate the aircraft's acceleration time to takeoff if it accelerates from rest at 2 m/s²?

  Use the formula $t =$$\frac{v}{a}$ to find the time.
• What happens to a car's speed and acceleration if it increases its speed from 60 km/h to 80 km/h and then stops?

  The speed increases, and acceleration is positive until it stops.
• How far does a rocket travel if it accelerates at 15 m/s² for 5 seconds from 20 m/s?

  Use the equation $s =$$ut +$$\frac{1}{2}at^2$ to calculate the distance.
• How much time does a cyclist take to reach 10 m/s if it accelerates at 2 m/s² from rest?

  Use the formula $t =$$\frac{v}{a}$ to find the time.