how did hitler consolidate his power

• What event occurred on February 27, 1933, that was significant for Hitler's consolidation of power?

  The Reichstag building was set on fire.
• Who was arrested at the scene of the Reichstag Fire?

  A Dutch communist named Marinus van der Lubbe.
• What do many historians believe about the Nazis' involvement in the Reichstag Fire?

  They believe the Nazis may have orchestrated the fire themselves.
• What did Hitler use the Reichstag Fire to incite among the public?

  Fear of a communist uprising.
• What emergency powers did President Paul von Hindenburg invoke in response to the Reichstag Fire?

  Article 48 of the Weimar Constitution.
• What was the purpose of the Reichstag Fire Decree issued on February 28, 1933?

  To suspend key civil liberties and allow arrests without due process.
• How did the Reichstag Fire Decree affect political opponents, especially communists?

  It allowed their arrest without due process, eliminating opposition.
• What were the main outcomes of the Reichstag Fire and the subsequent decree?

  • Increased Nazi grip on power
  • Suspension of civil liberties
  • Arrest of thousands of communists
  • Laying groundwork for a one-party state
• What was the purpose of the Enabling Act passed on March 23, 1933?

  To give Hitler the authority to enact laws without Reichstag approval.
• What percentage of the vote did the Nazis secure in the March 1933 elections?

  44%
• What was required for the Enabling Act to pass in the Reichstag?

  A two-thirds majority was needed.
• How did Hitler secure support for the Enabling Act?

  He negotiated with the Centre Party and used intimidation.
• What was the outcome of the Enabling Act for the Weimar Republic?

  It marked the end of the Weimar Republic.
• What were the consequences of the Enabling Act for Hitler's regime?

  • Allowed Hitler to enact laws without parliamentary approval
  • Eliminated legal and political obstacles
  • Dismantled democratic institutions
  • Established totalitarian rule
• What was the Night of the Long Knives?

  A violent purge led by Hitler to eliminate threats within the Nazi Party.
• Who was targeted during the Night of the Long Knives?

  The leadership of the SA, including Ernst Rohm.
• What was the significance of the Night of the Long Knives for Hitler's control?

  It solidified Hitler's dominance and marked a turning point toward his dictatorship.
• When did President Paul von Hindenburg die?

  August 2, 1934.
• What change did Hitler make following Hindenburg's death?

  He merged the offices of President and Chancellor.
• What title did Hitler declare for himself after becoming Führer?

  Führer (leader) of Germany.
• How did the German military respond to Hitler after Hindenburg's death?

  They swore an oath of personal allegiance to Hitler.
• What were the key factors that reinforced Hitler's dictatorship after Hindenburg's death?

  • Merging of President and Chancellor roles
  • Oath of loyalty from the military
  • Control over Nazi institutions
  • Elimination of rivals during the Night of the Long Knives
• What was the army oath of loyalty that Hitler implemented?

  Soldiers swore allegiance directly to Hitler, not the nation.
• Why was the army oath of loyalty significant for Hitler's control?

  It ensured the military's loyalty was personal and unconditional.
• How did the army oath of loyalty affect potential threats to Hitler's authority?

  It eliminated potential threats by binding the army to his leadership.