Avogadro's Constant

• What is Avogadro's constant in standard form?

  $6.02 \times 10^{23}$
• What does one mole represent in terms of molecules?

  One mole represents $6.02 \times 10^{23}$ molecules.
• How do you calculate the number of moles of atoms in a molecule?

  • Identify the number of each type of atom in the molecule.
  • Sum the total number of atoms.
  • Multiply by the number of moles of the molecule.
• How many moles of atoms are in one mole of water (H2O)?

  There are three moles of atoms in one mole of water.
• How many moles of atoms are in one mole of methane (CH4)?

  There are five moles of atoms in one mole of methane.
• How many moles of atoms are in one mole of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)?

  There are five moles of atoms in one mole of calcium hydroxide.
• How many atoms are in one mole of hydrogen chloride (HCl)?

  There are $1.24 \times 10^{24}$ atoms in one mole of hydrogen chloride.
• How many atoms are in one mole of sodium oxide (Na2O)?

  There are $1.86 \times 10^{24}$ atoms in one mole of sodium oxide.
• What is the process to calculate the number of atoms from moles using Avogadro's constant?

  1. Identify the number of atoms in one molecule.
  2. Multiply the number of molecules (Avogadro's constant) by the number of atoms per molecule.
  3. Use the formula: Total atoms = Number of molecules × Number of atoms per molecule.
• What is the formula for water?

  H2O
• What is the formula for methane?

  CH4
• What is the formula for calcium hydroxide?

  Ca(OH)2
• What is the formula for sodium oxide?

  Na2O
• What are the key concepts related to Avogadro's constant?

  • Represents the number of molecules in one mole.
  • Used to calculate the number of atoms in a sample.
  • Essential for understanding moles in chemistry.
• What is Avogadro's constant?

  Avogadro's constant is \(6.02 \times 10^{23}\)
• What does one mole represent in terms of Avogadro's constant?

  One mole represents \(6.02 \times 10^{23}\) molecules or atoms
• How do you calculate the number of moles from mass and relative atomic mass?

  The number of moles is calculated as mass in grams divided by relative atomic mass
• How many moles are in 48 grams of magnesium with a relative atomic mass of 24?

  There are 2 moles of magnesium in 48 grams
• What is the total number of atoms in 2 moles of magnesium?

  The total number of atoms is \(1.204 \times 10^{24}\)
• How many moles are in 28 grams of lithium with a relative atomic mass of 7?

  There are 4 moles of lithium in 28 grams
• What is the total number of atoms in 4 moles of lithium?

  The total number of atoms is \(2.408 \times 10^{24}\)
• How do you calculate the number of moles in a compound like calcium oxide?

  Calculate moles by dividing mass in grams by the relative formula mass
• What is the relative formula mass of calcium oxide (CaO)?

  The relative formula mass of calcium oxide is 56
• How many molecules are in 1 mole of calcium oxide?

  There are \(6.02 \times 10^{23}\) molecules in 1 mole of calcium oxide
• How many atoms are in one molecule of calcium oxide?

  Each molecule of calcium oxide contains 2 atoms
• What is the total number of atoms in 56 grams of calcium oxide?

  The total number of atoms is \(1.204 \times 10^{24}\)
• How do you calculate the number of moles of water in 54 grams of water (H2O)?

  Divide the mass by the relative formula mass of water, which is 18
• What is the relative formula mass of water (H2O)?

  The relative formula mass of water is 18
• How many moles are in 54 grams of water?

  There are 3 moles of water in 54 grams
• What is the total number of molecules in 3 moles of water?

  The total number of molecules is \(1.806 \times 10^{24}\)
• How many atoms are in one molecule of water?

  Each molecule of water contains 3 atoms
• What is the total number of atoms in 54 grams of water?

  The total number of atoms is \(5.418 \times 10^{24}\)
• What is the process to calculate the number of atoms in a given mass of a chemical?

  1. Calculate the number of moles using the formula:

  \[

  \text{Number of moles} = \frac{\text{mass (g)}}{\text{relative atomic mass}}

  \]

  1. Multiply the number of moles by Avogadro's constant to find the number of molecules.
  2. Multiply the number of molecules by the number of atoms per molecule to find the total number of atoms.
• What are the steps to calculate the number of atoms in a compound?

  1. Determine the relative formula mass of the compound.
  2. Calculate the number of moles using:

  \[

  \text{Number of moles} = \frac{\text{mass (g)}}{\text{relative formula mass}}

  \]

  1. Find the number of molecules using Avogadro's constant.
  2. Multiply the number of molecules by the number of atoms in the compound.