Week 5

• What is a module in Python?

  A self-contained file containing Python code.
• What is the purpose of modules in Python?

  To organize and reuse code effectively.
• How do modules promote code modularity?

  By encapsulating functions, classes, and variables.
• What are the key benefits of using modules in Python?

  • Code Organization: Logical grouping and improved readability.
  • Code Reusability: Shared functionality and standardization.
  • Collaboration: Facilitates teamwork on independent modules.
• What is an example of a module that could be created for a web application?

  A utils.py module for common utility functions.
• How would you define a function to send an email in a module?

  def send_email(recipient, message):
• What is the purpose of the import statement in Python?

  To import a module into your Python script.
• What is the basic syntax for importing a module?

  import module_name
• How would you import the math module in Python?

  import math
• How do you access a function from an imported module?

  Using dot notation.
• How would you calculate the square root of 16 using the math module?

  result = math.sqrt(16)
• What is the syntax to import specific functions from a module?

  from module_name import function_name, variable_name
• How would you import only the pi constant from the math module?

  from math import pi
• How do you calculate the area of a circle using the imported pi constant?

  area = pi * radius**2
• What are some additional notes regarding module imports in Python?

  • Multiple Imports: Import multiple modules in one statement.
  • Renaming Imports: Use 'as' to rename imports.
  • Package Imports: Use dot notation for packages.
• What does the math module provide?

  A variety of mathematical functions.
• What does the math.sqrt(x) function do?

  Calculates the square root of a number x.
• How would you calculate the hypotenuse of a right triangle with sides 3 and 4 using the math module?

  hypotenuse = math.sqrt(3**2 + 4**2)
• What does the random module do?

  Generates pseudo-random numbers.
• What does random.randint(a, b) do?

  Generates a random integer between a and b.
• How would you simulate a dice roll using the random module?

  dice_roll = random.randint(1, 6)
• What does random.random() return?

  A random floating-point number between 0.0 and 1.0.
• What does random.choice(sequence) do?

  Randomly selects an element from a sequence.
• What does random.shuffle(sequence) do?

  Shuffles the elements in a sequence in-place.
• What does the datetime module allow you to do?

  Work with dates and times.
• What does datetime.now() return?

  The current date and time as a datetime object.
• How would you calculate the time difference between two events using the datetime module?

  time_difference = end_time - start_time
• How do you create a specific date object using the datetime module?

  datetime.date(year, month, day)
• How do you create a specific time object using the datetime module?

  datetime.time(hour, minute, second, microsecond)
• What is the structure of a Python module?

  A .py file containing Python code.
• How do you import a module from the same directory?

  Use the import statement.
• How do you import a module from a different directory?

  Add the directory to Python's module search path.
• What is a package in Python?

  A directory containing one or more modules and an __init__.py file.
• What is the purpose of the __init__.py file in a package?

  It declares the directory as a package and can contain initialization code.
• How does Python treat directories containing an __init__.py file?

  As packages, allowing module imports using dot notation.
• What can the __init__.py file contain?

  Initialization code that runs when the package is imported.
• How can you control imports in a package using __init__.py?

  By selectively importing modules in the __init__.py file.
• How would you import a specific function from a module in a package?

  from .module_name import function_name
• What is the structure of a package in Python?

  A directory with an __init__.py file and one or more modules.
• What does the Person class in the example do?

  Calculates age based on the current year and birth year.