The cognitive approach to treating depression

• Outline cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) as a treatment for depression.

  • CBT helps replace irrational thoughts with rational ones.
  • Step 1: Identify irrational thoughts through thought catching or diaries.
  • Step 2: Cognitive restructuring – Discuss healthier thinking patterns.
  • Step 3: Disputing beliefs (logical, empirical, pragmatic).
  • Step 4: Client-as-scientist homework – Test thoughts in real life.
  • Optional: Behavioural activation – Encourage enjoyable activities to boost mood.
• Why is CBT considered an effective treatment for depression?

  🟢 Research shows it is as effective as drug therapy.🟢 Unlike drugs, CBT has no side effects, leading to lower drop-out rates
• How does CBT take a more tailored approach compared to drug therapy?

  🟢 CBT is idiographic, adapting to each person’s unique thoughts.🟢 Drug therapy is nomothetic (same treatment for all).🟢 This personalisation increases effectiveness.
• Why might CBT not be effective for all cases of depression?

  🔴 Some depression is biologically caused (e.g. low serotonin).🔴 CBT won’t work if the cause isn’t irrational thinking.🔴 SSRIs may be more effective for biologically-driven depression.
• Why might CBT be difficult for some people to access?

  🔴 CBT requires time, effort, and motivation (sessions + homework).🔴 Depressed individuals may struggle to engage.🔴 Drug therapy (SSRIs) is easier to access and requires less effort.