simple distillation

• What is the purpose of crystallisation in the context of separating substances?

  To separate a dissolved solid from a liquid
• What is a solution in water called?

  Aqueous solution
• What happens to the water when a sodium chloride solution is gently heated?

  The water evaporates, leaving behind sodium chloride crystals
• What is the main problem with crystallisation if we want to keep the liquid?

  Crystallization does not allow us to retain the liquid
• What is the alternative method used to separate a dissolved solid from a liquid while keeping the liquid?

  Simple distillation
• What are the two stages of simple distillation?

  1. Evaporate the liquid by heating
  2. Condense the vapor back to a liquid by cooling
• What apparatus is used to carry out simple distillation?

  A flask, a continuous glass tube, and a condenser
• What role does the condenser play in simple distillation?

  The condenser cools the vapor, causing it to condense back into a liquid
• How does cold water circulate in the condenser during simple distillation?

  Cold water runs continuously from the top to the bottom of the condenser
• What happens to the thermometer reading during simple distillation as the solution is heated?


  The thermometer reading increases as the liquid evaporates
• What is produced at the end of simple distillation?

  Crystals of the solid in the flask and liquid in the beaker
• How can simple distillation be used in relation to seawater?


  It can produce drinking water from seawater
• Why is simple distillation generally not used to produce drinking water?


  Because a a ton of energy is required