Juergen habermas’ theories- media is a public sphere

• Who is Habermas?

  Habermas is a German philosopher and theorist.
• What is the main focus of Habermas's theories?

  His theories focus on the public sphere and the media.
• Why does the author use Habermas's theory?

  The author uses it to teach media ecology and other topics.
• What does Habermas believe about the public sphere?

  He believes that everyone has access to public knowledge and can express their ideas.
• How does Habermas view participation in the public sphere?

  He views it as encouraging participation by everyday citizens.
• How does Habermas's public sphere contribute to democracy?

  It allows everyone to get involved and have their say.
• What examples does the author give of participation in the public sphere?

  Examples include citizen journalism and making YouTube videos.
• What does Habermas believe about access to the public sphere?

  He believes it is quite unrestricted, allowing anyone to contribute.
• How does Habermas's public sphere allow for government accountability?

  It allows citizens to challenge the government and express dissent.
• What limitations does the author mention regarding Habermas's public sphere?

  Limitations include access depending on wealth and technology.
• What factors can restrict access to the public sphere?

  Factors include access to phones, tablets, and Wi-Fi.
• How does access to the public sphere differ in various countries?

  Some countries have far more restricted access than Britain.
• What concern does the author raise about big tech companies?

  They may control what we see online, affecting the public sphere.
• What does Habermas mean by a post-truth democracy?

  He means that in a society where anyone can say anything, truth becomes unreliable.
• What is the author's overall perspective on Habermas's theories?

  The author presents a simplified guide to his theories for consideration.
• What are the key concepts of Habermas's theory regarding the public sphere?

  • Public sphere allows access to all for knowledge and expression
  • Encourages participation by everyday citizens
  • Challenges government and authority
  • Access can be restricted by wealth and technology
  • Influenced by big tech companies
  • Reflects a post-truth democracy