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Physics GCSE
Physics P4
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Cards (40)
What are the two poles of a magnet called?
North
and
South
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What happens when two like poles of magnets are brought together?
They
repel
each other
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What occurs when two opposite poles of magnets are brought together?
They
attract
each other
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What are permanent magnets?
Magnets that are always
magnetic
and always have
poles
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How can induced magnets be created?
By stroking
magnetic materials
with a
permanent magnet
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What materials are commonly used to create induced magnets?
Iron
,
Nickel
, and
Cobalt
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How are magnetic fields represented?
Using
field lines
that point from
north
to
south
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What happens to the strength of a magnetic field as the distance from the magnet increases?
The strength of the field
decreases
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What does a small plotting compass do in relation to magnetic fields?
It shows the
direction
of the
magnetic
field
at a certain
point
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What is the Earth's core described as?
Magnetic
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Why does a freely suspended magnetic compass point North?
Because it aligns itself with the Earth's
magnetic field lines
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Where is the magnetic north pole located?
Over
North Canada
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Why is the Earth's magnetic pole above Canada considered a magnetic South Pole?
Because
like poles
repel
each other
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What does current flowing in a wire produce?
A
magnetic field
around the wire
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What rule dictates the direction of the magnetic field around a wire?
The
right hand grip rule
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How does the strength of the magnetic field change with the current flowing?
The greater the current, the
stronger
the magnetic field
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What happens to the magnetic field as the distance from the wire increases?
The magnetic field becomes
weaker
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What is a solenoid?
A coil of wire with
current
flowing through it
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How does coiling the wire in a solenoid affect the magnetic field?
It
enhances
the
magnetic
effect by aligning the
field
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What increases the strength of a solenoid's magnetic field?
Inserting an
iron core
in the center
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What factors can affect the strength of the magnetic field produced by a solenoid?
Size of
current
Length of coil
Cross-sectional area
Number of
turns
(
coils
)
Type of
core
used
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What type of force do two magnets exert on each other?
A
magnetic force
of
attraction
or
repulsion
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How does the magnetic field around a wire differ from the magnetic field between two magnets?
The magnetic field around a wire is
circular
, while between magnets it is
straight
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What does Fleming's Left-Hand Rule help determine?
The
direction
of the force on a current-carrying conductor in a
magnetic field
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What is the formula for calculating force in a magnetic field?
F
=
BIL
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What does magnetic flux density measure?
The number of flux lines per
meter squared
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How does an electric motor operate?
It rotates a coil of
current-carrying
wire between fixed
permanent magnets
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What happens to electrons in a conductor when the magnetic field changes?
They move to one side, creating a
potential difference
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What is generated when a wire cuts through a magnetic field?
A
potential difference
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What type of current flows when a coil of wire is connected to a complete circuit after being rotated in a magnetic field?
An
alternating current
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What happens to the magnetic field when alternating current is used?
The magnetic field constantly
changes
direction
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How does a transformer work with alternating current?
The
changing magnetic field
induces a current in the
secondary coil
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What happens if the primary current in a transformer is direct?
Nothing would be induced in the
secondary coil
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What is a step-up transformer?
A transformer with more turns on the
secondary coil
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What is a step-down transformer?
A transformer with fewer turns on the
secondary coil
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What is the relationship between the number of coils and the potential difference in a transformer?
Number of coils on
primary
/ number of coils on
secondary
= pd of primary / pd of secondary
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What do dynamic microphones produce?
A current
proportional
to the sound signal
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How does a dynamic microphone work?
Sound waves
cause a coil to move within a
magnetic field
,
inducing
a current
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What happens to the current in a loudspeaker?
The current flows into the
coil
, causing it to move and produce
sound waves
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What are the steps involved in how dynamic microphones work?
Sound waves cause
pressure variations
.
Coil moves within a
magnetic field
.
Current is
induced
in the coil.
Current flows to a
loudspeaker
.
Loudspeaker converts current back to sound waves.
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