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Displacement reactions
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Cards (22)
Metal displacement reactions
involve replacing less
reactive
metal atoms with more reactive ones, forming new
compounds
.
What are displacement reactions used for in chemistry?
To compare the
reactivity
of metals
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What type of reactions are displacement reactions classified as?
Redox reactions
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How can oxidation and reduction be described in electrochemistry?
Oxidation is the loss of
electrons
, and reduction is the gain of electrons
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Why are displacement reactions considered redox reactions?
Because
oxidation
and
reduction
occur simultaneously
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What happens to the more reactive metal in a displacement reaction?
The more reactive metal is
oxidized
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What happens to the less reactive metal in a displacement reaction?
The less reactive metal is
reduced
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What is the result of the reaction between calcium and zinc oxide?
Calcium is oxidized to form
calcium oxide
and zinc is produced
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What occurs when a reactive metal is placed in a solution of a less reactive metal salt?
The reactive metal
displaces
the
less
reactive metal
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What happens when a less reactive metal is placed in a solution of a more reactive metal salt?
No
reaction
occurs
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How can displacement reactions be used to determine the order of reactivity of metals?
By observing which metals
displace
others in
reactions
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What is a metal ore?
A rock containing enough metal to make extraction economically worthwhile
Often an
oxide
of the metal
Example:
Bauxite
is
aluminium
oxide (
Al₂O₃
)
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What are some examples of unreactive metals found as uncombined elements?
Gold
and
platinum
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How can a metal be extracted from its ore using carbon?
By
reduction
, where
oxygen
is removed from the ore
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What is the chemical equation for the reduction of iron oxide using carbon?
2
F
e
2
O
3
+
2Fe₂O₃ +
2
F
e
2
O
3
+
3
C
→
4
F
e
+
3C \rightarrow 4Fe +
3
C
→
4
F
e
+
3
C
O
2
3CO₂
3
C
O
2
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What determines whether a metal can be extracted by reduction with carbon?
The position of the metal in the
reactivity series
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What is the reactivity series of metals?
Potassium
(K)
Sodium
(Na)
Calcium
(Ca)
Magnesium
(Mg)
Aluminium
(Al)
Carbon
(C)
Zinc
(Zn)
Iron
(Fe)
Tin
(Sn)
Copper
(Cu)
Silver
(Ag)
Gold
(Au)
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What is the process of electrolysis used for in metal extraction?
To extract
metals
that are more reactive than
carbon
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What happens during electrolysis of molten compounds?
An
electric current
is passed through the molten ore
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What is produced at the cathode during electrolysis?
The metal is
discharged
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What is produced at the anode during electrolysis?
The
non-metal
is discharged
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of using electrolysis for metal extraction?
Advantages:
Effective for extracting highly
reactive
metals
Produces pure metals
Disadvantages:
Expensive
process
Requires
significant
energy input
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