Naplex

• What is the purpose of anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation?

  To prevent thromboembolism
• Name an example of an anticoagulant.

  Warfarin
• What are the procedures used for managing atrial fibrillation?

  • Cardioversion: Converts atrial fibrillation to normal rhythm
  • Ablation Therapy: Destroys areas of heart tissue causing abnormal rhythms
• What are the types of implantable devices used in cardiac care?

  • Pacemakers: For bradycardia or heart block
  • Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD): For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias
• What are some complications associated with atrial fibrillation?

  Stroke, heart failure, sudden cardiac death
• What is the primary initial treatment for suspected acute coronary syndrome?

  Aspirin
• What is the primary goal of administering nitroglycerin in acute coronary syndrome?

  Reduce myocardial oxygen demand
• Which medication is used in combination with aspirin to reduce the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events in ACS?

  Clopidogrel
• What is the recommended time frame for reperfusion therapy in STEMI?

  Within 90 minutes
• What is a contraindication to thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction?

  Active bleeding
• Which class of medications is primarily used for secondary prevention of coronary artery disease?

  Statins
• What is the preferred initial treatment for a patient with unstable angina?

  Medical management with antiplatelet therapy and nitrates
• Which drug is known to reduce mortality in patients with heart failure following ACS?

  ACE inhibitors
• In patients with STEMI, which antiplatelet agent should be administered during PCI?

  Aspirin
• What is the most appropriate immediate action for a patient presenting with chest pain and ST-segment elevation?

  Administer aspirin and prepare for PCI
• What is a common side effect of SSRIs?

  Sexual dysfunction
• What is the first-line pharmacotherapy for major depressive disorder?

  Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
• Which psychotherapy is effective for treating major depressive disorder?

  Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
• What is the recommended duration of treatment with an antidepressant for a first episode of major depression?

  6 to 12 months
• Which antidepressant is associated with a risk of serotonin syndrome when combined with other serotonergic agents?

  Fluoxetine
• In which patient population should bupropion be avoided due to an increased risk of seizures?

  Patients with a history of eating disorders
• What is the primary mechanism of action of SSRIs?

  Inhibit the reuptake of serotonin
• Which medication is FDA-approved for treating depression with a coexisting chronic pain condition?

  Duloxetine
• What is a common reason for switching from one antidepressant to another?

  Inefficacy
• What is the risk associated with abrupt discontinuation of SSRIs?

  Withdrawal symptoms
• What is the first-line treatment for chronic insomnia?

  Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I)
• Which medication is commonly used for short-term management of insomnia?

  Zolpidem
• What is a characteristic of obstructive sleep apnea?

  Pauses in breathing during sleep
• What is the most effective long-term treatment for obstructive sleep apnea?

  Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
• Which medication may be used to treat narcolepsy?

  Modafinil
• What is the primary non-pharmacological treatment for restless legs syndrome?

  Leg massages and warm baths
• What is a potential side effect of benzodiazepines used for insomnia?

  Cognitive impairment
• Which of the following is a risk factor for developing insomnia?

  Chronic stress
• Which condition is often comorbid with insomnia?

  Depression
• What is a common behavioral intervention for insomnia?

  Sleep restriction therapy
• Which of the following is a common treatment for alcohol use disorder?

  Naltrexone
• Which medication is indicated for opioid use disorder?

  Buprenorphine
• What is the primary treatment for acute opioid overdose?

  Naloxone
• Which medication is used for smoking cessation?

  Varenicline
• Which substance is associated with the highest risk of fatal overdose?

  Heroin