Biological Approach

• What is the endocrine system?

  Is a body-wide system of glands. Each gland releases chemical messengers called hormones.
• What is concordance rate?

  A measure of similarity (%) between two individuals or sets of individuals on a given trait.
• What are genes?

  Genes are part of the chromosomes of an organism that carry information in the form of DNA. Each person has 46 chromosomes at birth (23 pairs). There are an estimated 24,000 genes in each person's genetic make-up.
• What do genes determine?

  Genes are said to determine physical characteristics, like hair colour and height, as well as psychological characteristics such and mental health and intelligence. Genes are transmitted from parents to off-spring this is known as inherited.
• What is someone's phenotype?

  The way that the genes are expressed through physical, behavioural and psychological characteristics. This takes into account a person's genotype and environmental factors.
• What are monozygotic twins?

  Identical twins (MZ) who share 100% of their DNA.
• What are dizygotic twins?

  Non-identical twins (DZ) who share only 50% of their DNA.
• Label the brain's structure?

  .

  A) Frontal lobe

  B) Parietal lobe

  C) Occipital lobe

  D) Cerebellum

  E) Spinal cord

  F) Temporal lobe

  G) Cerebrum

  
• Label the internal brain structure?

  .

  A) Medulla

  B) Pons

  C) Hypothalamus

  D) Thalamus

  E) Corpus Callosum

  
• What is the brain and the nervous system thought to be responsible for?

  Our behaviours; breathing, eating and sexual behaviour.
• How does the nervous system carry messages through the body?

  Using nerve cells called neurons. Neurons send nerve impulses in the form of electrical signals.
• How much of the brain is made up by the cerebrum?

  85%
• How is the brain composed?

  The cerebrum is split into two hemispheres, which are further divided into four different parts, known as lobes. This part of the brain is responsible for many 'high order functions' such as thought and language.
• What is neurochemistry?

  Refers to the chemical and neural processes that are associated with the nervous system.
• What are neurotransmitters?

  Chemical messengers which travel between neurons- nerve impulse is sent through a neuron and neurotransmitters are released to travel across the synapse to activate the receiving cells.
• What are the different types of neurotransmitters?

  .

  1. Serotonin
  2. Dopamine
  3. GABA
  4. Noradrenaline