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Psychology
Psychological problems
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Created by
Erin Norris
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Cards (51)
What are individual effects of mental health problems?
They affect the person experiencing them and their social
environment
.
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What is a significant change in eating associated with mental health problems?
Significant
increase
or
decrease
in eating.
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How do mental health problems affect relationships?
They cause
struggles
to maintain
relationships.
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What difficulties do individuals with mental health problems face in daily activities?
Struggles to get out of bed, attend
school/work
, and shower.
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What is one social effect of mental health problems?
An increase in
crime rates
.
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What is another social effect of mental health problems?
Higher
unemployment rates
.
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What is a consequence of mental health problems on healthcare services?
Strain on the
NHS
with an average wait of
18 months
.
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What is unipolar depression?
A consistent state of
low mood
.
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What is bipolar depression?
Low
mood
alternates with episodes of
mania.
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How does sadness differ from depression?
Sadness is a
normal
emotional
reaction
where one can still
focus
and
function.
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What are some individual effects of mental illness?
Feelings of
guilt
, risk-taking, changes in appetite, and
low energy levels
.
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What is the ICD-10?
The
International Classification of Diseases
manual.
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What are key symptoms of depression listed in the ICD-10?
Low mood
,
loss of interest
,
reduced energy
, changes in sleep and appetite, and
decreased
self-confidence.
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How is mild depression characterized?
By
2-3
key symptoms plus 2 others.
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How is moderate depression characterized?
By
5-6
symptoms.
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How is severe depression characterized?
By
7
or
more
symptoms.
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What are the biological explanations of depression?
Low
serotonin
levels can lead to feelings of
low
mood.
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What role do neurotransmitters play in depression?
They help messages pass across synapses, and low levels can cause depression.
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How can diet affect serotonin levels?
A diet lacking in foods high in
fiber
and
tryptophan
can lead to low serotonin levels.
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What is the cognitive explanation of depression?
It focuses on
faulty thinking
,
negative schemas
, and
attributions.
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What are the strengths and weaknesses of the cognitive explanation of depression?
Strengths:
Applicable to real life
Led to successful treatments like
CBT
Weaknesses:
Ignores
biological
factors
Some
negative
thoughts may be
realistic
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What is the cognitive triad in depression?
Negative
views about the world,
oneself
, and the
future.
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What is the role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in treating depression?
They are the most common medication to treat depression.
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When did SSRIs first become available?
In the
1980s
.
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How do SSRIs work?
They block the
transporter protein
, allowing
serotonin
to build up in the
synaptic cleft
.
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What is the effect of increased serotonin in the synaptic cleft?
It makes the person feel
happier
.
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What does SSRI stand for?
Selective
Serotonin
Reuptake
Inhibitors
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What is the primary use of SSRIs?
They are used as
antidepressants.
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What is a potential strength of antidepressants?
They can provide relatively quick
alleviation
of symptoms.
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What is a limitation of antidepressants?
They can be very
expensive
.
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What is a risk associated with the use of SSRIs?
Patients could become
dependent
on them.
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What is a potential issue with the dosage of antidepressants?
Wrong dosage could lead to
ineffective
treatment.
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What are the strengths and limitations of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in treating depression?
Strengths:
Effective in treating depression
Evidence shows
significant
improvement in patients
Limitations:
Patients may struggle to engage with CBT due to
severe
depression
Initial medication may be necessary for motivation
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What did March (2007) find regarding CBT and medication?
81%
of patients treated with CBT improved significantly.
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What is the aim of the Wiles study?
To investigate the effectiveness of
CBT
in patients not improving with
medication
.
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What was the method used in the Wiles study?
Participants were randomly allocated to receive either
CBT
with
medication
or only medication.
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What percentage of the CBT group showed improvement after 6 months?
46%
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What is the definition of addiction?
Using a
substance
in harmful amounts against
medical
advice.
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What is dependence in the context of addiction?
A
biological
effect where the body relies on regular use of a
substance
.
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What characterizes substance abuse?
Focus on the substance to prevent
withdrawal symptoms
.
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See all 51 cards
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