If an animal cell is in a solution that is the same concentration as its cytoplasm, water will move in and out at the same rate
If an animal cell is in a solution that is less concentrated than the cell, it will gain water due to osmosis. The cell will enlarge, burst and die
If an animal cell is in a solution that is more concentrated than the cell, it will lose water due to osmosis. It will cause the cell to shrivel and die (crenation)
Water - solvent
Chemical that is dissolved - solute
The mixture of these two - solution
Osmoregulation
The active regulation of the osmotic pressure of an organism's body fluids, to maintain the homeostasis of the organism's water content
Turgor pressure
The force of the cell contents against the cellwall in the plant cell
If a plant cell is placed in a solution that is highly concentrated, it will lose water
The cell membrane shrinks and pulls away from cell wall, leaving a gap between the cell wall and cytoplasm. Process - plasmolysis
When the plant loses too much water, it also loses turgor and the plant will wilt
Active transport
The process where chemicals are taken into a cell against the diffusiongradient
Active transport is undertaken by proteins in the cell membrane that drag the chemicals into cell
Osmosis
The movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration across a semi-permeable membrane
Diffusion
The movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration across a selectivelypermeable membrane
Semi permeable
Allows some substances to enter and some substances to leave
Semi permeablemembranes allow some substances through but not others
Diffusion is a passive process that does not require any energy