Development

• GNI per head is a measurement of how much income a person gets on average
• HDI includes more than one indicator of development, and making it more reliable
• Birth rate can be used for predicting the future situation and planning accordingly
• death rate indicates the quality of healthcare, water quality and food supply
• people per doctor indicates the quality of health care
• literacy rate indicates the amount of education on offer
• access to safe water indicates water quality
• a disadvantage of using literacy rate as an indicator of development is that it does not recognise other valuable skills that people may have
• As GNI increases life expectancy also increases
• Stage 1 of the DTM has a high death rate and a high birth rate, resulting in a steady population
• stage 2 of the DTM is a falling death rate, but a high birth rate, population increases
• stage 3 of the DTM is where birth rate begins to fall, so the lower birth rate and death rate means a lower natural increase
• stage 4 of the DTM is where low birth rates and low death rates result in a steady population
• stage 5 of the DTM is where the death rate is higher than the birth rate, so the population naturally begins to decrease
• climate related disease causes many tropical countries to suffer from diseases that thrive in hot and humid conditions
• poor governance can cause money in a country to be spent poorly
• poor water quality can lead to disease which weakens people, leading to a direct impact on their productivity
• the goods sold in a country mean that if a country only sells poor quality goods, they will not gain much money from them
• products being heavily taxed by other world countries means that less money can be earned from a countries trade
• being landlocked with bad neighbours can limit trade if there are frequent conflicts or no access to the sea
• climatic hazards cause destruction and also weaken/kill people, moving valuable resources away from development aims