Introduction

• Introduction to SZ-

  Diagnosis + classification -

  • DSM-5 = recent, American - 1 positive symptom
  • ICD-11 = recent, world health organisation - 2 negative symptoms + rated 0-1
  • Both look at different things of SZ
  • Different cultural applications
• Introduction to SZ-

  Positive symptoms - add to daily life

  Delusions - paranoid, or grandeur = inflated self view

  Hallucination - false perceptions effecting senses

  Catatonic behaviour - abnormal motor behaviour, loss of motor skills/hyperactive activity
• Introduction to SZ-

  Negative symptoms- take away from normal life

  Avolition - reduced goal-centred behaviours

  Speech poverty - loss of speech fluency - slow/blocked thoughts

  Affective flattening - reduced emotional expression
• Introduction to SZ-

  S- reliability - test re-test + inter-rater

  W- Rosenhan - P’s lied hearing ‘thud, empty, dull‘ + no other symptoms - 11/12 diagnosed with SZ, 1/12 diagnosed with MDP = not valid + based on 1 symptom

  W- SZ is unique, but had overlapping symptoms = doubt + interest in a new diagnosis system

  W- gender bias, men x2 likely to be diagnosed

  W- Copeland- 69% USA gave diagnosis WS to the same description as 2% of UK clinics

  W- Escobar- Afro-Caribbean’s were x10 more likely diagnosed in the UK

  W- Cheniaux- DSM=39, ICD=68/100 diagnosis = varied