AO1 - Social Cognition Introduction

• Self in this context refers to a person’s self-awareness. Murphy (1947) proposes that ‘the self is the individual as known to the individual.’
• The development of social cognition refers to the concept of the child developing a sense of who it is and how it fits into society. As the child matures it develops an increasing idea of its self-identity.
• Learey (2004) suggests the self is ‘a cognitive structure that allows self-reflection and organises information about ourselves.’
• Self-identity is influenced by various factors, including social interactions, cultural norms, and personal experiences.
• Self-identity refers to the concept of a person's perception and understanding of themselves as a unique individual within society.
• The development of self-identity is a process that occurs as a child matures and gains a sense of who they are and how they fit into the world around them.
• Charles Cooley's (1902) looking-glass self theory suggests that our self-concept is shaped by how we believe others perceive us.
• According to William James (1890) self-awareness involves the ability to recognise oneself as a distinct entity separate from others.
• Personal experiences, such as achievements and failures, can impact how a person perceives themselves.
• Cultural norms and values also play a role in shaping an individual's self-identity.
• The development of self-identity is a complex process that occurs throughout childhood and adolescence.
• Personal values and beliefs can shape an individual's self-identity.
• Carl Rogers' (1951) humanistic theory suggests that self-identity is shaped by the congruence between one's self-concept and their actual experiences and behaviours.
• Family dynamics and relationships can have a significant impact on an individual's self-identity.