Reactions of Alkenes

• What are alkenes classified as?

  Unsaturated hydrocarbons
• What does the term "unsaturated" mean in the context of alkenes?

  It means they contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond
• What is the functional group of alkenes?

  Carbon-carbon double bond
• What do hydrocarbons consist of?

  Only hydrogen and carbon atoms
• Why can alkenes undergo addition reactions?

  Because the carbon-carbon double bond can open up
• What are the three types of addition reactions involving alkenes?

  1. Addition with hydrogen
  2. Addition with water
  3. Addition with halogens
• What is the alkene used in the reaction with hydrogen in the video?

  Propene
• What happens when hydrogen gas is added to propene in the presence of a catalyst?

  The double bond breaks and hydrogen atoms bond to the carbon atoms
• What is the product formed when propene reacts with hydrogen?

  Propane
• How is propane classified after the reaction with hydrogen?

  It is classified as an alkane
• What alkene is used in the reaction with water in the video?

  Ethene
• What are the conditions required for the reaction of ethene with water?

  Presence of a catalyst at high temperatures
• What happens to the water molecule during the reaction with ethene?

  The water molecule splits into a hydrogen atom and an OH group
• What is the product formed when ethene reacts with water?

  Ethanol
• What type of compound is ethanol?

  It is a type of alcohol
• Why is the reaction of ethene with water significant in industry?

  It is used to produce ethanol for alcoholic drinks and industrial processes
• How is unreacted ethene separated from ethanol and water after the reaction?

  By cooling the mixture to condense water and ethanol
• What method is used to separate water from ethanol?

  Fractional distillation
• How does fractional distillation work in this context?

  It separates ethanol by boiling it first due to its lower boiling point
• What is the common halogen used in the reaction with alkenes?

  Bromine
• What happens when bromine is added to ethene?

  It reacts to form dibromoethane and decolorizes the bromine
• Why is the reaction of alkenes with bromine significant?

  It is used to distinguish alkenes from alkanes
• What color change indicates the presence of an alkene when reacting with bromine water?

  From orange to colorless
• Why do alkanes not decolorize bromine water?

  Because they do not have double bonds
• What is the summary of the reactions of alkenes covered in the video?

  • Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons with double bonds.
  • They undergo addition reactions with:

  1. Hydrogen (producing alkanes)
  2. Water (producing alcohols)
  3. Halogens (decolorizing bromine water)