Task 3 - T Level DPDD Terms Sept 2023

• Von Neuman Architecture, memory

  Memory stores both data and instruction allowing for easy manipulation and modification of programs
• Von Neumann Architecture, CPU

  The CPU is a core component that executes instruction and performs operations, it fetches these instructions from memory, processes them, and then moves onto the next instruction.
• Von Neuman Architecture, Sequential execution

  Instructions are executed sequentially: one at a time, and fetched from memory by the CPU.
• Control Unit (CU)

  Fetch, decodes, and executes, along with controlling CPUs actions
• Optical storage

  Storage device that saves data through changes to a physical piece of hardware, such as burning a deformation into a disk
• OS

  Operating system
• Operating system is

  a framework that manages all the resources of the computer, interfacing with software and hardware
• ASCII

  a code for representing English characters as numbers, with each letter assigned a number from 0 to 127
• Hashing

  Is turning a length of plaintext into a small amount of data
• Problem Decomposition

  Is breaking down a problem into smaller more manageable parts
• Register

  High-speed memory storing units held within a CPU is a small amount of data storage
• Buses

  Connection between devices on a motherboard
• Device driver is

  the firmware that allows a device to interface with an OS
• Machine code is

  A low-level language (very complicated, but simple with algorithms), usually binary or hexadecimal
• Normalization is

  Organizing the data within a database to avoid data redundancy, and anomalies
• A Compiler is

  A software tool that can change a programming language into machine code
• An example of a compiler is

  3D slicer software that turn meshes into gcode
• A compiler is

  Data compression of digital media, which intentionally loses parts of insignificant value
• Compilers tradeoff what for what?

  Data fidelity, for file size
• IP stack is


  a set of protocols that enable internet connectivity between devices
• Volatile memory


  Storage that loses all data if power is lost
• Non-volatile memory


  Memory that can retain data when power is off