Psych Unit 4

Subdecks (1)

Cards (62)

  • Encoding is getting info into memory
  • storage is keeping memory/going into long term
  • retrieval is to successfully get it from storage
  • state dependent learning means that if we're in the same state when we encode and retrieve, our memories will be better
  • episodic explicit memories are remembering personal experiences with time tags attached
  • semantic explicit encoding is storage of general knowledge
  • explicit encoding is conscious recall of info
  • implicit procedural memory is when you unconsciously recall how to automatically do something
  • Prospective memory is when you remember to do something in the future
  • Working memory model
    Central executive = directs attention
    Phonological loop = verbal and auditory info
    Visuospatial sketchpad = visual and spatial info
  • Sensory memory
    iconic = short amount of time visual input
    echoic = auditory info
  • short-term memory hold info for 15-30 sec to transfer to long term
  • long term memory stores for extended periods of time
  • structural processing
    shallow
    physical appearances
    low retention
  • phonemic processing
    sounds
    moderate
    moderate retention
  • Semantic processing
    meaning and association
    deep
    high retention
  • Mnemonics are memory aids that are words, songs, or rhymes
  • The Method of Loci is when you imagine things in places that you know (your house)
  • Chunking is when you break things into smaller units (phone #)
  • the spacing effect is that you should get sleep between study sessions
  • the serial position effect is that you are more likely to remember the most recent and first things
  • the Hippocampus transfers memories from short to long term
  • long term potentiation is when you use a neural pathway often it will be stronger
  • maintenance rehearsal is when you rehearse something with no meaning over and over again
  • elaborative rehearsal is when you rehearse info with meaning
  • superior autobiographical memory is when you can remember specific details about every day of your life like it was yesterday
  • retrograde amnesia is when you can't remember old memories
  • anterograde amnesia is when you can't form new memories
  • infantile amnesia is a common occurrence when we cannot remember things from early childhood
  • Alzheimer's is a neurological disorder that leads to the deterioration of memories and cognitive ability
  • context-dependent is when something is enhanced when you are in the same physical space as when you learned something
  • Mood-congruent is when you remember something better because you are is the same mood as when you learned it
  • Encoding failure is a cognitive phenomenon that occurs when information fails to be effectively transferred and stored in the memory
  • flashbulb memory is a vivid, long-lasting memory about a surprising or shocking event.
  • Proactive interference is when older memories interfere with the retrieval of newer memories
  • Retroactive interference refers to conditions in which new learning interferes with old learning
  • Insufficient retrieval cues refer to a situation where there are not enough reminders or triggers available to help retrieve stored information from memory.
  • Source Amnesia is the inability to recall where, when, or how one has learned knowledge that has been acquired and retained
  •  constructive memory we use a variety of information (perceptions, beliefs, attitudes, etc.) to fill in gaps, and that the accuracy of our memory may be altered
  • Imagination inflation is a type of memory distortion that occurs when imagining an event that never happened increases confidence in the memory of the event.