Vocab quiz 2

• concepts are all of the examples that meet the checklist of a schema
• Prototypes are the most typical example of a concept
• Algorithms are step-by-step procedures that can be used to solve a problem.
• Availability Heuristics are when you use an example that comes to mind quickly
• Representative Heuristics are when you use the most prototypical answers
• convergent thinking is used for problems that have one solution
• divergent thinking is used for problems with no clear answer or solutions
• Functional Fixedness is when you can only think of an object for its intended use
• Framing is the way something is presented
• Gambler's Fallacy is the mistake belief that if something happens more frequently it will happen less frequently in the future even if the events are independent
• Confirmation Bias is when people seem to seek out information that proves what they want and dismiss things that don't
• Belief persistence is when it is difficult to change someone's mind when they firmly believe something
• Phonemes are particular speech sounds
• morphemes are the smallest amount of sound that denotes meaning
• semantics are the meaning of a sentence or word
• Sunk-cost fallacy is the human tendency to use past costs that cannot be recovered to make decisions in the future
• Syntax is the way that words are put together (grammar)
• Cooing


  2-3 months

  vocal practice
• Babbling


  3-4 months

  moving towards word production
• One-word stage


  1 year

  word production
• 2-word stage


  simple word combinations

  2 years
• Overgeneralization is when someone uses a grammar rule when there is an exception