Population

• reasons for high birth rates (developing country)


  1. parents need looked after when grown old- have lots of kids.

  2. high mortality rate-people have lots of kids to ensure some survive.

  3. limited access to contraception- expensive meaning harder to plan kids.

  4. low status of woman-woman r treated badly w education only thing they can do is be a mum.

  5. workers needed on farm- have more kids so have more workers.

  6. religious control-promote not using contraception.
• reasons for low death rates (developed)


  1. access to clean water and sanitation-allows to wash&prepare food,keeps homes clean and themselves healthy.

  2. education-invest large amounts into education to ensure highly skilled people become doctors.

  3. elderly services-care workers keep them healthy, safe and sanitised.

  4. better nutrition- better access to good food to eat well and have balanced diet.

  5. higher standard of health care-children get immunisation when born and throughout life, preventing disease.
• reasons for high death rates (developing)


  1. lack of clean water and sanitation-gets diseases, people are unclean which will spread more disease.
  2. lack of health care- people don't know what is wrong with them so cant get treated or right medicine.
  3. sexually transmitted disease-stis due to the lack of contraception and spread easily.
  4. lack of disease control- malaria kills millions every year and cant get access mosquitos nets and malaria tablets
  5. lack of social services- not enough money invested into social services such as education, which means no one is that qualified to be a doctor.
• reasons for low birth rates (developed)

  1. access to contraception- can actually plan the amount of children they are having.
  2. education-relationship and sexual health education so they learn how to prevent pregnancies.
  3. high cost of children- people are deciding to not have as many kids or even none at all to prevent money problems.
  4. woman having careers-now decide to focus on careers instead of having kids.
  5. late marriages-many couples now choose to live together before marriage. results in fewer children as many couples wait until they are married before starting a family.
• What climate type supports dense population due to reliable rainfall?

  Moderate climate
• Why are dry areas sparsely populated?

  Hard to grow crops without irrigation
• How does extreme climate affect population distribution?

  It makes areas difficult to inhabit
• What type of terrain is easy for building roads and attracts industry?

  Flat and gentle sloping areas
• How does flat terrain contribute to population density?

  It allows for easier farming and industry
• What is the impact of high vegetation on population distribution?

  It makes land clearing difficult for development
• Which area is an example of high vegetation affecting population density?

  Amazon rainforest in Brazil
• physical factors affecting population density.

  Relief:

  • people prefer to live on flat, low-lying areas because it is easier to build on

  (1 mark)

  • coastal areas allow trade to take place easily from ports located by the sea, so

  many people live nearby for jobs (1 mark)

  Climate:

  • many people prefer to live in temperate climates where there is enough rainfall

  to provide water (1 mark)

  • few people tend to live in areas with extreme climates because areas like the

  Sahara Desert with very high temperatures and low rainfall make farming

  difficult (1 mark)

  Soil:

  • people prefer to live in areas with fertile soils so that crops can be grown to

  supply food (1 mark)

  • where there are poor quality soils, for example, on steep slopes in Northern

  Scotland, few crops can be grown so less people live there (1 mark)
• human factors affecting population density.

  Job opportunities:

  • jobs in different industries in urban areas encourage people to move to find

  work (1 mark)

  • cities such as Rio de Janeiro have a high population density as there is a much wider range of employment and training/educational opportunities compared

  with rural areas. (1 mark)

  Transport:

  • areas which are more accessible, for example, Central Lowlands of Scotland tend to have higher population densities (1 mark)

  • places with good transport links attract people and industries which in turn creates employment opportunities, so more people live there. (1 mark)

  Services:

  • towns and cities are crowded as people move to cities like Berlin, London and New York for a variety of services, for example, education, health care, and entertainment. (1 mark)

  Government aid:

  • industries locate where there is Government funding available,

  people move into these areas for work. (1 mark)