key words 15

• acoustic monitoring


  monitoring environmental sounds

  -> e.g to detect the presence of bats
• beating tray


  a method of sampling invertebrates on the branches of bushes and small trees
• colonisation media


  a method of demonstrating the presence of species by providing places that they can colonise which can then be checked
• DAFOR scale

  qualitative scale that judges the abundance of organisms
• kick sampling

  method of sampling aquatic invertebrates by disturbing the substrate
• light traps

  method of sampling populations of night-flying organisms that are attracted to lights

  -> eg moths
• lincoln index

  catch, mark, release + recapture method of estimating animal populations
• pheromone trap

  trap that attracts organisms using the scent of pheromones
• pheromone

  chemical released by an organism that changes the behaviour of other members of the same species
• pitfall traps

  method of sampling populations of mobile animals that live on the soil surface

  -> collects individuals that fall into traps in the ground
• proxy data

  using data that can be collected to predict the values of a related factor that cannot be measured

  -> eg data on tree rings + coral growth can be used to determine historic climates.
• quadrat

  an area in which samples are taken
• remote sensing

  any method of monitoring the features of a location from another location
• satellite imagery

  collection of images using satellites

  -> visible light + infra-red
• sonograms

  graph showing the volumes of sounds at different frequencies
• surber sampler

  method of sampling aquatic invertebrates by distributing the substrate that produces more reliable quantitative data than kick sampling
• sweep nets

  method of sampling populations of flying insects and invertebrates among vegetation
• transect

  line or belt of sampling sites across an area
• tüllgren funnel

  piece of equipment used to extract invertebrates from soil or leaf litter