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Health and Medicine in Britain c.1000-present
1900-Present: Medicine in Modern Britain
Modern Ideas about the Causes of Disease
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Cards (29)
When were viruses discovered?
At the
turn of the century
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Why were Pasteur and Koch unable to find the cause of some diseases?
Diseases were caused by
viruses
too small to see
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Who investigated the disease killing tobacco plants in 1892?
Dmitry Ivanovsky
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What did Ivanovsky find about the cause of mosaic disease?
It was an extremely small
microbe
in water
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What year did Beijernick label the microbes as viruses?
1893
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How did Beijernick's findings differ from those of bacteria?
Viruses
had different properties than bacteria
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What was a significant outcome of the discovery of viruses?
It led to their
successful treatment
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Why can't antibodies destroy viruses?
Viruses
aren't
destroyed
by
antibodies
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What do antiviral drugs do?
They prevent a
viral infection
from growing
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Who can destroy a virus for good?
The body's
immune system
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What do genes provide instructions for?
Human
characteristics
like sex and hair colour
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How is DNA inherited?
Your DNA is a mix of your
parents'
DNA
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What is the structure of DNA?
A
double helix
that can
reproduce
itself
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Who first described the structure of DNA?
Francis Crick
and
James Watson
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What did Watson and Crick's discovery enable other scientists to do?
Find
genes
that cause
genetic conditions
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Name three genetic conditions mentioned.
Cystic fibrosis
,
haemophilia
,
sickle-cell anaemia
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How has knowledge of genetic conditions improved treatment?
By producing
synthetic proteins
to treat conditions
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What is gene therapy used for?
Treat
inherited
conditions using faulty
gene replication
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What significant project was completed in 2003?
The Human Genome Project
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What did the Human Genome Project identify?
All the
genes
in human
DNA
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What are the implications of understanding genetic conditions?
Improved diagnosis of genetic diseases
Enhanced treatment options, including
gene therapy
Development of
synthetic proteins
for faulty genes
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What lifestyle factors can increase disease risk?
Diet
,
exercise
, and other lifestyle factors
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How were lifestyle choices linked to health conditions?
In the
20th century
through
scientific research
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What disease is caused by smoking?
Lung cancer
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What does obesity increase the risk of?
Heart disease
and
diabetes
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What disease is caused by excessive alcohol consumption?
Liver disease
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What can overexposure to ultraviolet radiation cause?
Skin cancer
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What are the causes of disease identified since 1900?
Bacterial infections
Viral infections
Genetic mutations
Lifestyle choices
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Why is disease treatment and prevention complex?
Multiple causes require
targeted
treatments
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