The ionic lattice

• What is an ionic compound made up of?

  Charged particles called ions
• What structure does an ionic compound have?

  A giant lattice structure
• What holds the ionic lattice together?

  Strong electrostatic forces of attraction
• What is the arrangement of ions in an ionic lattice called?

  A regular, repeating arrangement
• Why do solid ionic compounds form crystals with regular shapes?

  Because the lattice arrangement continues in three dimensions
• How many ions can a single grain of salt contain?

  Approximately \(1.2 \times 10^{18}\) ions
• What is ionic bonding?

  It forms between two atoms when an electron is transferred from one atom to the other
• What type of model shows the arrangement of ions in one layer of an ionic compound?

  A two-dimensional space-filling model
• What is a limitation of the two-dimensional space-filling model?

  It does not show how the next layer of ions is arranged
• What does the three-dimensional ball and stick model represent?

  The arrangement of ions in a larger section of the crystal
• What is misleading about the three-dimensional ball and stick model?

  It shows lots of free space between the ions, which there isn't
• How do the forces of attraction in an ionic lattice act?

  They act in all directions in the lattice
• What is the definition of an ionic compound?

  An ionic compound occurs when a negative ion joins with a positive ion
• What is the term for a force of attraction between particles with opposite charges?

  Electrostatic force
• What is the significance of the ionic lattice structure in ionic compounds?

  It leads to the formation of crystals with regular shapes
• What are the properties of ionic compounds?

  • High melting and boiling points
  • Conduct electricity when dissolved in water
  • Form crystalline structures
  • Generally soluble in water
• What are the advantages and limitations of different models used to represent ionic compounds?

  Advantages:

  • Two-dimensional model shows ion arrangement in one layer
  • Three-dimensional model shows larger sections of the crystal

  
  

  Limitations:

  • Two-dimensional model does not show next layer arrangement
  • Three-dimensional model misrepresents space between ions