Forming ions

• What is an ionic compound made up of?

  Charged particles called ions
• What structure do ionic compounds have?

  A giant lattice structure with strong electrostatic forces of attraction
• What is an ion?

  An electrically charged particle formed when an atom or molecule gains or loses electrons
• How do ions form?

  When atoms lose or gain electrons to obtain a full outer shell
• What happens to metal atoms when they form ions?

  They lose electrons to form positively charged ions
• What happens to non-metal atoms when they form ions?

  They gain electrons to form negatively charged ions
• What is the electronic structure of ions formed from metals and non-metals?

  They have the electronic structure of a noble gas with a full outer shell
• How is the charge on ions from groups 1, 2, and 3 determined?

  The number of electrons lost is the same as the group number
• What is the charge on a sodium ion?

  +1
• What is the charge on a magnesium ion?

  2+
• What is the charge on an oxide ion?

  2-
• What is the charge on a chloride ion?

  • 1
• How do you determine the charge on ions from groups 6 and 7?

  The charge is equal to (8 minus the group number)
• What is the charge on a sulfur ion?

  2-
• What is the charge on an iodine ion?

  • 1
• What is the process of forming ionic bonds?

  • Transfer of electrons between atoms
  • Metal atoms lose electrons to form positive ions
  • Non-metal atoms gain electrons to form negative ions
  • Resulting ions attract each other due to opposite charges
• What are the key properties of ionic compounds?

  • High melting and boiling points
  • Conduct electricity when dissolved in water
  • Form crystalline structures
• What is the significance of the electronic structure of ions?

  • Determines the charge of the ion
  • Influences the reactivity of the element
  • Affects how ions bond with other elements