cognitive approach

• What is the physical component of humans that processes information?

  The brain
• How do cognitive psychologists view the brain's functions?

  As internal mental processes similar to computer programs
• What is the field of study that connects cognitive processes to brain activity?

  Cognitive neuroscience
• What are the defining characteristics of cognitive psychology?

  • Behavior results from internal mental processes
  • Focus on studying these internal processes
  • Common research areas: attention, perception, and memory
• How do cognitive psychologists conduct their research?

  By conducting highly controlled experiments in lab settings
• What is a limitation of studying internal mental processes?

  They cannot be directly observed
• What is an example of making inferences in cognitive psychology?

  Inferring the storage capacity of short-term memory based on recall data
• What is Miller's classic research study about?

  The capacity of short-term memory
• What is a schema?

  A mental framework built from previous experiences
• How do schemas help us navigate the world?

  They allow us to quickly understand and categorize information
• What is a disadvantage of relying on schemas?

  They can lead to inaccurate recall and biases
• How can schemas influence eyewitness testimony?

  They can alter memory based on leading questions
• What did Loftus's research reveal about memory recall?

  Participants' recall was influenced by the wording of questions
• What is the negative triad in cognitive psychology?

  A set of negative schemas about self, world, and future in depression
• What is the computer model in cognitive psychology?

  A comparison of the brain's processes to a computer's CPU and software
• What is machine reductionism?

  The criticism that the human brain is more complex than a computer
• What are theoretical models in cognitive psychology?

  Flowchart representations of how mental processes work
• What is the multi-store model of memory?

  A theoretical model showing how information flows through memory stages
• What is cognitive neuroscience?

  The study of the relationship between cognitive and biological processes
• How do brain scanning techniques contribute to cognitive neuroscience?

  They allow observation of brain activity during cognitive tasks
• What is a limitation of cognitive psychology's research methods?

  Many studies are highly artificial and not generalizable to real life
• How has cognitive psychology influenced real-life applications?

  It has led to developments in CBT and informed juries about eyewitness testimony
• What is soft determinism in cognitive psychology?

  The belief that behavior has biological and environmental causes but allows for individual control
• How does cognitive psychology empower clients in therapy?

  By providing tools to change negative thinking patterns
• What is the significance of schemas in everyday life?

  Schemas help us process information quickly and predict future events
• What happens when someone lacks schemas in a familiar environment?

  They may feel overwhelmed by sensory information
• How do schemas allow for predictions in familiar situations?

  They are based on previous experiences in similar contexts
• What is the impact of faulty schemas on mental health?

  They can lead to issues like depression
• How does cognitive psychology relate to the free will vs determinism debate?

  Cognitive psychologists argue for soft determinism, allowing for some control over behavior
• What is the role of CBT in cognitive psychology?

  To help clients change negative schemas through cognitive restructuring
• What is the significance of the research conducted by cognitive psychologists?

  It provides objective biological evidence for cognitive theories
• How does cognitive psychology contribute to the development of artificial intelligence?

  Research into cognitive neuroscience aids in developing neural networks
• How does cognitive psychology inform juries about eyewitness testimony?

  By highlighting the limitations and potential inaccuracies of recall
• What is the relationship between cognitive psychology and the study of memory disorders?

  Cognitive psychology helps develop treatments for memory disorders
• What is the significance of the relationship between cognitive and biological processes?

  It helps in understanding how mental processes are linked to brain activity
• What is the impact of cognitive psychology on understanding human behavior?

  It provides insights into the internal processes that influence behavior
• How does cognitive psychology approach the study of behavior?

  By focusing on internal mental processes rather than just observable actions
• What is the role of cognitive psychologists in research?

  To study and understand internal mental processes through scientific methods
• How does cognitive psychology differ from behaviorism?

  Cognitive psychology focuses on internal processes, while behaviorism focuses on observable behavior
• What is the significance of controlled experiments in cognitive psychology?

  They ensure high internal validity in research findings