Meiosis and Fertilisation

• What process is being discussed in the video?

  Meiosis
• What are the two main outcomes of meiosis mentioned in the video?

  Meiosis produces gametes and halves the number of chromosomes
• How many pairs of chromosomes are found in a normal human cell?

  23 pairs
• What type of cells contain single chromosomes?

  Gametes
• How many single chromosomes does a human gamete contain?

  23 single chromosomes
• Where does meiosis take place in humans?

  In reproductive organs, specifically the testes and ovaries
• What happens to the chromosomes during the first stage of meiosis?

  All of the chromosomes are copied
• How many gametes are produced from one original cell during meiosis?

  Four gametes
• What is the genetic status of the gametes produced by meiosis?

  Each gamete is genetically different from each other
• What is the term used for the joining of male and female gametes?

  Fertilization
• What happens to the number of chromosomes after fertilization?

  The full number of chromosomes is restored
• How many chromosome pairs does a fertilized egg contain?

  23 chromosome pairs
• What process occurs after fertilization?

  The new cell divides by mitosis
• What is formed as the embryo develops?

  Different cell types
• What are the stages of meiosis as per the AQ8 specification?

  • Meiosis occurs in reproductive organs
  • Chromosomes are copied
  • The cell divides into two
  • Each of these cells divides again
  • Four gametes are produced
• What types of cells are produced by meiosis and what is their genetic status?

  • Gametes (sperm and egg cells)
  • Each gamete is genetically different
• What is the significance of fertilization in terms of chromosome number?

  • Restores the full number of chromosomes
  • Results in a fertilized egg with 23 chromosome pairs
• What happens to the fertilized egg after fertilization?

  • Divides by mitosis
  • Forms a clump of identical cells called an embryo
  • Cells differentiate into various cell types