The Brain and Spinal Cord. Responsible for processing information and controlling movement, sensation, and other functions.
Neurone
A specialized cell that transmits and processes information through electrical and chemical signals. Composed of dendrites, cell body, axon, and terminal buttons.
Axon
The long, thin extension of a neurone that carries electrical signals away from the cell body.
Dendrites
branch-like structures that receive signals from other neurons.
Sensory Neuron
A type of neuron that receives and transmits sensory information from the environment to the central nervous system.
Axon of a Sensory Neuron
Carries electrical signals received from the receptor to the spinalcord or brain for processing.
Motor Neuron
A type of neuron that Carry signals from the central nervous system (CNS) to muscles and glands, controlling movement, tone, and other bodily functions.
Synapse
The small gap between the terminal button of the motor neuron and the muscle fiber, where chemical signals (neurotransmitters) are released and received.
Neurotransmitter
A chemical messenger released by the terminal button of a neuron, which carries signals from one neuron to another across the synapse.
Effector Response
The response of the effector cell to the signal from the neuron, which may include muscle contraction
homeostasis
regulation of a cell/ organism to maintain optimum conditions in response to stimuli
temp: humans ~ 37 degrees
low- kinetic energy decrease
hight- enzyme denature
receptor
a cell that detects and responds to a specific neurotransmitter or signal (stimuli)
