Multi-Store Model of Memory

• What psychological approach is primarily associated with the topics in the memory unit?

  The cognitive approach.
• What are the main components of the multi-store model of memory?

  • Sensory register
  • Short-term memory
  • Long-term memory
• Who created the multi-store model of memory and in what year?

  Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968.
• What does it mean that the multi-store model is linear?

  Information moves through it in one direction.
• What are the three features of each store in the multi-store model?

  Coding, capacity, and duration.
• How is information coded in the sensory register?

  The coding is modality specific, depending on the sense organ.
• What is the capacity of the sensory register?

  Potentially unlimited.
• What is the duration of information in the sensory register?

  Approximately 250 milliseconds.
• How does information move from the sensory register to short-term memory?

  Through attention.
• What is the coding format for short-term memory?

  Acoustic coding.
• What is the capacity of short-term memory?

  Seven items plus or minus two.
• What is the duration of short-term memory?

  Between 18 and 30 seconds.
• What are the two types of rehearsal for transferring information to long-term memory?

  Maintenance rehearsal and elaborative rehearsal.
• What is the coding format for long-term memory?

  Semantic coding.
• What is the capacity of long-term memory?

  Very large, potentially unlimited.
• What does the research by Glanzer and Cunitz demonstrate?

  The primacy and recency effect in memory recall.
• What did Sperling's study reveal about the capacity of sensory memory?

  Sensory memory has a larger capacity than short-term memory.
• What did Baddeley's study show about short-term memory coding?

  Short-term memory is coded acoustically.
• What did Peterson and Peterson's study find about the duration of short-term memory?

  The duration is between 18 and 30 seconds.
• What evidence suggests that long-term memory has a large capacity?

  Studies showing high recall rates over long periods.
• What is a criticism of the multi-store model regarding its simplicity?

  It suggests short-term and long-term memory are unitary and passive stores.
• What is a limitation of the research methods used to study memory in the multi-store model?

  They often lack ecological validity and mundane realism.
• How does evolutionary theory support the sensory register's features?

  It suggests quick reactions for survival require processing important information rapidly.
• What is the significance of the metaphor of a filing cabinet in relation to memory coding?

  It illustrates how similar items can make retrieval more difficult.
• What are the evaluations of the multi-store model of memory?

  • Research lacks ecological validity.
  • Tasks lack mundane realism.
  • Inferences about memory processes may be incorrect.
  • The model is simplistic regarding memory types.