2.8 Graphene & Fullerenes

• What are the allotropes of carbon discussed in the video?

  Graphene and fullerenes
• What is the structure of graphene made up of?

  Multiple repeating hexagons
• How are the carbon atoms in graphene bonded?

  Each carbon is bonded to three other carbons
• Why is graphene strong?

  Because of its structure of multiple repeating hexagons
• What property allows graphene to conduct electricity?

  The delocalized pool of electrons
• How can graphene be obtained?

  From the ground in the form of graphite
• What are allotropes?

  Different structural forms of the same element in the same physical state
• What are fullerenes?

  Tiny tubes and spheres made from carbon
• How can fullerenes be used in medicine?

  To deliver drugs to certain areas of the body
• What is a significant feature of fullerenes that makes them useful as industrial catalysts?

  They have a large surface area to volume ratio
• What are carbon nanotubes used for?

  In nanotechnology and electronics
• Why are carbon nanotubes effective in strengthening materials?

  They have a very high length to diameter ratio
• What is the formula for buckminsterfullerene?

  C$_{60}$
• What is nanotechnology?

  Technology that uses tiny structures like fullerenes
• What are the main uses of fullerenes?

  • Drug delivery systems
  • Industrial catalysts
  • Strengthening materials in nanotechnology
• What are the characteristics of graphene?

  • Strong structure of hexagons
  • Conducts electricity
  • Natural form is graphite
• How do graphene and fullerenes differ in structure and application?

  • Graphene: flat sheets of hexagons, used in electronics
  • Fullerenes: hollow shapes (spheres/tubes), used in drug delivery and catalysis
• What industries are utilizing nanotechnology?

  • Medicine
  • Batteries
  • Food
  • Fashion