6.5 Le Chatelier's Principle

• What does Le Chatelier's principle describe?

  It describes the position of equilibrium during a reversible reaction.
• How is the position of equilibrium affected by temperature, pressure, and concentration?

  Changes in temperature, pressure, and concentration can shift the position of equilibrium.
• What does the position of equilibrium refer to?

  It refers to the ratio of reactant particles to product particles at equilibrium.
• What does it mean if the equilibrium lies to the left?

  It means there are more reactants than products.
• What does it mean if the equilibrium lies to the right?

  It means there are more products than reactants.
• What happens to the position of equilibrium if the temperature is decreased in an exothermic reaction?

  The equilibrium shifts to the right to produce more products.
• What happens to the position of equilibrium if the temperature is increased in an exothermic reaction?

  The equilibrium shifts to the left to produce more reactants.
• In the reaction for the production of ammonia, what is the overall energy change of the forward reaction?

  The overall energy change is -92 kilojoules per mole.
• What does a negative energy change indicate about a reaction?

  It indicates that the reaction is exothermic.
• What is the nature of the backward reaction if the forward reaction is exothermic?

  The backward reaction is endothermic.
• How does increasing pressure affect the position of equilibrium?

  The equilibrium shifts to the side with fewer molecules.
• In the ammonia production reaction, which side has fewer molecules?

  The right side has fewer molecules (2 molecules of ammonia).
• What happens to the position of equilibrium if pressure is decreased?

  The equilibrium shifts to the side with more molecules.
• How does adding more nitrogen affect the position of equilibrium?

  The equilibrium shifts to the right to form more ammonia.
• What are the factors that can affect the position of equilibrium according to Le Chatelier's principle?

  • Temperature
  • Pressure
  • Concentration
• What is the process of ammonia production from nitrogen and hydrogen?

  1. Nitrogen and hydrogen react.
  2. The reaction is exothermic (releases energy).
  3. Equilibrium can shift based on temperature, pressure, and concentration changes.
• How does Le Chatelier's principle help in predicting the effects of changes in conditions on equilibrium?

  • It states that equilibrium will shift to counteract changes.
  • Helps predict shifts in response to temperature, pressure, and concentration changes.