Cell Biology

• What is a key feature of both animal and plant cells?

  They both have a nucleus
• What does the nucleus contain in eukaryotic cells?

  The genetic material, or DNA
• How is the genetic material organized in eukaryotic cells?

  It is enclosed in a nucleus
• What are the two additional features of animal and plant cells besides the nucleus?

  The cell membrane and cytoplasm
• What is the function of the cell membrane in eukaryotic cells?

  It encloses the cell and regulates what enters and exits
• What is a key characteristic of prokaryotic cells regarding their genetic material?

  The genetic material is not enclosed in a nucleus
• What type of cells are bacteria classified as?

  Prokaryotic cells
• How do the sizes of prokaryotic cells compare to eukaryotic cells?

  Prokaryotic cells are much smaller than eukaryotic cells
• What is the structure of the genetic material in prokaryotic cells?

  It consists of a single loop of DNA
• What are plasmids in prokaryotic cells?

  Small rings of DNA
• What additional structure do prokaryotic cells have besides the cell membrane?

  A cell wall
• What is important to remember about the bacterial cell wall?

  It is different from the plant cell wall
• What do prokaryotic cells contain besides the cell membrane and cell wall?

  Cytoplasm
• Where can students find questions on eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

  In the vision workbook
• What are the main differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

  • Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus; prokaryotic cells do not.
  • Eukaryotic cells are generally larger than prokaryotic cells.
  • Eukaryotic cells contain multiple linear chromosomes; prokaryotic cells have a single loop of DNA.
  • Eukaryotic cells may have membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotic cells do not.
• What are the similarities between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

  • Both have a cell membrane.
  • Both contain cytoplasm.
  • Both have genetic material (DNA).
• Why do scientists use the concept of order of magnitude?

  To compare the approximate sizes of different objects
• How many millimeters are in a meter?

  1,000 millimeters
• What does "one order of magnitude" mean?

  • It means 10 times larger
• What is the key idea about orders of magnitude?

  Every order of magnitude is 10 times greater than the one before
• How can you determine the order of magnitude by counting zeros?

  Count the number of zeros in the number
• If a fox is 40 cm long and a tick is 0.4 cm long, how many times longer is the fox than the tick?

  The fox is 100 times longer than the tick
• How do you calculate the order of magnitude from the fox and tick example?

  By dividing 40 by 0.4 and counting the zeros
• What are the steps to carry out order of magnitude calculations?

  1. Identify the sizes of the objects.
  2. Divide the larger size by the smaller size.
  3. Count the number of zeros in the result.
  4. The count indicates the order of magnitude.
• What should you be able to do by the end of the video?

  Correctly label a diagram of an animal cell and describe the functions of its parts
• What is the function of the nucleus in animal cells?

  To enclose the genetic material
• What is the cytoplasm and its role in the cell?

  A watery solution where chemical reactions take place
• What is the function of the cell membrane?

  To control the molecules that can enter and leave the cell
• What are the two smaller structures inside the cell that need to be known?

  Mitochondria and ribosomes
• Why can't mitochondria and ribosomes be seen in the initial picture?

  Because they are too small
• What is the role of mitochondria in the cell?

  Where aerobic respiration takes place
• What type of microscope is needed to see ribosomes?

  Electron microscope
• What do ribosomes do in the cell?

  They are the site of protein synthesis
• What are ribosomes described as in the video?

  Extremely small
• What is the significance of proteins in cells?

  They carry out many functions, including acting as enzymes
• What are the main structures of an animal cell that should be identified?

  • Nucleus
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cell membrane
  • Mitochondria
  • Ribosomes
• What is the cytoplasm and its role in the cell?

  It is a watery solution where chemical reactions take place
• What controls the molecules that can enter and leave the cell?

  The cell membrane
• What are the two smaller structures inside the cell that need to be known?

  Mitochondria and ribosomes
• Why can't mitochondria and ribosomes be seen in the light microscope image?

  Because they are too small