ionic compounds

• What is ionic bonding?

  It involves a metal atom transferring electrons to a non-metal atom
• What happens to sodium and chlorine during ionic bonding?

  Sodium transfers electrons to chlorine, forming oppositely charged ions
• How do ionic compounds form in real life?

  They involve many ions arranged in a regular lattice structure
• What are the properties of ionic compounds?

  • Very high melting and boiling points
  • Conduct electricity when melted or dissolved in water
• Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?

  Because they have many strong ionic bonds that require a lot of energy to break
• When can ionic compounds conduct electricity?

  When they are melted or dissolved in water
• What is the formula for sodium chloride?

  NaCl
• How does magnesium chloride differ from sodium chloride in terms of ionic charges?

  Magnesium has a two plus charge, requiring two chloride ions to balance
• What is the formula for magnesium chloride?

  MgCl2
• How do you determine the formula of more complex ionic compounds?

  • Memorize the formulas and charges of polyatomic ions
  • Use the charges to balance the overall compound
• What is the formula for calcium hydroxide?

  Ca(OH)2
• What is the formula for aluminium sulfate?

  Al2(SO4)3
• How do you balance the charges in aluminium sulfate?

  By using two aluminium ions and three sulfate ions to achieve a total charge of six