Support and transport systems in plants

Created by

Sabrina Alho

Cards (85)

What do annual rings in trees indicate?
They show the age of the tree and growth patterns.
What does transpiration involve in plants?
It involves the loss of water in the form of water vapor from plant parts.
What are the two types of leaf evaporation?
Stomatal transpiration and cuticular transpiration.
How does evaporation from leaf surfaces affect water movement in plants?
It creates a sucking force that pulls water up from the roots.
What is the function of guard cells in transpiration?
They control the rate of stomatal transpiration by opening and closing the stomata.
Where are most stomata located on leaves?
On the cooler underside (ventral surface) of leaves.
How does leaf size affect water loss in plants?
Larger leaves lose more water than smaller ones due to greater surface area.
What is the stomatal mechanism during the day?
Guard cells photosynthesize, causing them to swell and open the stomatal pore.
What happens to stomata during the night?
They close as guard cells lose water and collapse.
What environmental factors influence transpiration?
Temperature, light intensity, wind, and humidity.
How does temperature affect the rate of transpiration?
Higher temperatures increase the rate of transpiration.
What is wilting in plants?
It occurs when water loss through transpiration exceeds water uptake by roots.
What is guttation in plants?
It is the release of water droplets from hydathodes when water uptake exceeds transpiration.
What is osmosis?
It is the spontaneous movement of water molecules from high to low concentration.
What are the three pathways for water movement in roots?
Apoplast, symplast, and transmembrane pathways.
What is the pressure flow hypothesis in phloem transport?
It explains the movement of sucrose from source to sink driven by turgor pressure.
What is the role of companion cells in phloem?
They actively load sucrose into sieve tubes using energy.
How does water move in phloem during translocation?
Water moves into sieve tubes by osmosis, increasing turgor pressure.
What happens to turgor pressure in sieve tubes during translocation?
It decreases as water leaves the sieve tubes at the sink.
How does the movement of materials between source and sink occur in plants?
It is driven by the turgor pressure gradient created by water movement.
What is the main topic of the video?
An introduction to transport in plants
Why is it important to know about plant tissues before learning about transport?
Because different tissues have specific functions in transport
What are the adaptations of root hair cells?
Lack of a cuticle for water absorption
Finger-like projections to increase surface area
Long extensions to penetrate soil particles
Large vacuole for water storage
High number of mitochondria for active transport
What tissue transports water in plants?
Xylem
What tissue transports nutrients like sugars?
Phloem
What is the function of cambium in plants?
It helps in the growth of roots and stems
What are root hair cells specifically described as in the video?
Microscopic
Why do root hair cells lack a cuticle?
To facilitate water absorption
How do finger-like projections of root hair cells help in water absorption?
They increase the surface area for absorption
What role does the large vacuole in root hair cells play?
It stores large amounts of water
What is the significance of mitochondria in root hair cells?
They provide energy for active transport
What is water potential in the context of root hair cells?
It refers to the amount of water in an area
How does osmosis relate to water potential?
Water moves from high to low water potential
What happens to water potential when salts are actively pumped into root hair cells?
It creates a high water potential inside the cells
What is the function of the Casparian Strip in root cells?
It forces water into the xylem
In which direction does water move in the xylem?
From the bottom to the top
What are the key terms related to transport in plants discussed in the video?
Osmosis: Movement of water from high to low concentration
Cuticle: Protective layer on epidermal cells
Water potential: Amount of water in an area
Active transport: Movement of substances from low to high concentration using energy
Xylem: Vascular tissue that transports water
Casparian Strip: Waterproof layer that forces water into the xylem
What will be covered in the next video?
The three water routes: apoplastic, symplastic, and vascular
When does Miss Angler post new videos?
Every Tuesday and Thursday
Who is the instructor in the biology class video?
Miss Angler