Histology

• What are the types of epithelium mentioned in the study material?

  Surface, Neuroepithelium, Myoepithelium, Glandular
• What are the types of surface epithelium?

  • Simple squamous epithelium
  • Simple cuboidal epithelium
  • Simple columnar epithelium
  • Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
  • Stratified squamous epithelium
  • Stratified cuboidal epithelium
  • Stratified columnar epithelium
  • Transitional epithelium

  
• What characterizes simple squamous epithelium?

  It consists of one layer of flattened plate-like cells with acidophilic cytoplasm and flattened basophilic nuclei.

  
• Where can simple squamous epithelium be found?

  Kidney-Bowman’s capsule, Lung-Alveoli, Blood vessel (Endothelium)
• What is the composition of simple cuboidal epithelium?

  It is composed of a single layer of cuboidal cells with acidophilic cytoplasm and basophilic round central nuclei.
• Where can simple cuboidal epithelium be found?

  Follicles of thyroid and kidney tubules
• What characterizes simple columnar epithelium?

  It consists of a single layer of tall rectangular cells with acidophilic cytoplasm and basophilic oval basal nuclei.
• What are the two varieties of simple columnar epithelium?

  • Non-ciliated
  • Ciliated
• Where can simple columnar non-ciliated epithelium be found?

  In the small intestine
• Where can simple columnar partially ciliated epithelium be found?

  In the fallopian tube
• What characterizes pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

  All cells are attached to the basal lamina, but some do not reach the surface, creating a false appearance of stratification.

  
• What are the two varieties of pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

  • Non-ciliated
  • Ciliated

  
• Where can pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium be found?

  In the trachea

  
• Where can pseudostratified columnar non-ciliated epithelium be found?

  In the Epididymis

  
• What characterizes stratified squamous epithelium?

  The most superficial 1-2 layers are squamous cells, and it can be keratinized or non-keratinized.

  
• Where can keratinized stratified squamous epithelium be found?

  In the skin
• Where can non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium be found?

  In the esophagus
• What characterizes stratified cuboidal epithelium?

  It is mainly arranged in two layers, typically found in the ducts of glands.
• Where can stratified cuboidal epithelium be found?

  In the duct of the mammary gland
• What characterizes stratified columnar epithelium?

  The most superficial layer consists of columnar cells, and it can be keratinized or non-keratinized.
• Where can stratified columnar epithelium be found?

  In large ducts of glands

  
• Where can transitional epithelium be found?

  In the pelvis of the kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, and upper part of the urethra
• What characterizes transitional epithelium?

  It lines the urinary passages and can change the number of its layers based on the organ's lumen diameter.
• How does transitional epithelium change with the bladder's fullness?

  It can change the number of its layers according to the changes in diameter of the lumen of the organ.
• What is the structure of transitional epithelium?

  It is made of 3-8 layers, with the superficial layer being large cuboidal dome-shaped cells.
• What is the characteristic of the superficial layer of transitional epithelium?

  It has large cuboidal dome-shaped cells with a convex upper surface and may contain 1-2 nuclei.
• What are the layers beneath the superficial layer of transitional epithelium?

  It is followed by a few layers of polyhedral cells, and the basal layer is cubical or columnar.
• What happens to transitional epithelium in an empty urinary bladder?

  It has fewer layers.
• What happens to transitional epithelium in a full stretched bladder?

  It has more layers.