EQ 3- (see for rest)

• Globalisation has led to dramatic increases in…?


  development for SOME countries
• Globalisation has _____ the world creating an explosion of global ____, encouraging countries to begin and join in ____?


  revolutionised, trade, trade blocs
• what has countries joining trade blocs resulted in?


  brought about economic wealth
• how has globalisation affected the development gap?


  globalisation has widened the development gap causing disparities between AND across countries
• give the economic measures of development?

  GNI

  GDP

  PPP (purchase power parity)

  income per capita

  economic sector balance
• what is PPP?


  purchase power parity- how much money is worth compared to prices
• what is GDP?


  total value of goods and services earned by a country
• what is GNI?


  total value of goods and services earned by a country INCLUDING from abroad
• what are some social measures of development?

  HDI

  GII

  Adult literacy rate

  life expectancy
• What is the adult literacy rate?

  number of people that can read AND write by 16
• what does GII stand for?- social measures of development


  gender inequality index
• what are composite measures?


  those which combine values of multiple indicators into one number. this can be equally weighted or proportionate.`
• what are the three indicators in HDI?


  life expectancy

  education (literacy rate and average no. years of education)

  GDP per capita
• what indicators are in GII?


  reproductive health (age had 1st child, maternal mortality rates and fertility rates)

  empowerment (women entering politics)

  education and employment
• what is economic sector balance?

  % contribution of primary, secondary and tertiary sectors to GNI

  (if development: primary sector value and output decreased and value and output of secondary sector increased)
• what does the gini index measure?


  measures inequality, how far the wealth distribution within a country differs from perfect equality

  100%- perfect inequality

  0% perfect equality
• what does HDI help gauge?


  how far people are befitting from economic growth as links GDP to health and education
• What does GII measure?


  how equal women and men are
• PPP- the spending power in a country reflects….?


  the local cost of living
• PPP is the average ____ to local ___ and what they will ___?


  earning, prices, buy
• how can income gaps can be measured and seen?

  Gini coefficient, seen on a Lorenz curve
• What does a Lorenz curve do?


  graphically represents the distribution of income
• what is the gini coefficient?


  measures degree of inequality in the distribution of income or wealth

  between 0 and 1 (0= each member receives same, 1= one member gets everything, the rest get nothing)
• what does a high gini coefficient mean?


  more unequal distribution
• what are the pros of the gini coefficient?


  easy to compare different countries

  division of wealth can be seen easily
• what are the cons of the gini coefficient?


  can’t see spatial/ geographical variations

  not all countries invest in calculating this indicator
• What is the ethnoscape?


  movement of people abroad to live or work and the information and ideas that move with them
• give an example of the ethnoscape?


  as Brits move we see local ethnoscape features such as classic British cafes and pubs
• what is diaspora?


  a group of people who spread from on original country to other countries
• give some positive impacts of multiculturalism?


  1. London has a diverse culture and variety of street food (south bank)
  2. job shortages addressed across healthcare and service sectors- migration is crucial to UKs economy
  3. celebration of multiple faiths (London has largest mosque in Europe)
• what are some negative impacts of multiculturalism?


  1. high rates of immigration put pressure on affordable housing, healthcare and social services-> tensions
  2. increased demand for housing has driven prices up
  3. extremism on the rise- social media and news feeds narrative that immigrants stealing jobs -> racial tensions
• What is the ethnoscape?


  The movement of people abroad to live or work and the information and ideas that move with them
• What is diaspora?


  A group of people who spread from one original country to other countries
• What are some reasons for migration within Europe?


  Mainly due to war and political and civil unrest (e.g from Iraq and Pakistan)

  
  

  Freedom of movement act- EU citizens can move without a visa (1m easter Europeans moved to the UK, increasing population by 5 million between 2004-15)
• How many additional members joined the EU in 2004?


  8- including Poland and Slovakia
• Give evidence for extremism on the rise in Europe?


  -Stephen Lawrence killed by police 1993

  -1990s- UKs British national party vocalised opposition to continuing presence of post-colonial migrants

  
  

  (25% of voters now support these more radical views)
• Give some positive impacts of multiculturalism?- London case study


  Address job shortages across health and service sectors- migrants are crucial to the UKs economy

  
  

  London has a diverse culture- variety of street food (south bank)

  
  

  Multiple faiths celebrated and many places to worship- home to largest mosque in Europe
• Give some negative impacts of multiculturalism?- London case study


  High rates of immigration pressure on affordable housing and social services

  
  

  Demand for housing causing prices to rise ->tensions

  
  

  Extremism on the rise- media and news feeds into the narrative that migrants are 'stealing our jobs'-> racial tensions
• What are the causes of London's cultural diversity?


  Open boarders- free movement (e.g 250,000 french ppl live in London- it's France's 6th largest city!!)

  
  

  FDI- UK has attracted over 30,000 jobs to London from overseas owned companies investing in software and finance sectors, UK is a leading receiver of FDI from India, Ireland, France, Australis, Canada

  
  

  Deregulation-freedom to invest and transfer capital, no gov approval needed to set up offices for financial services.

  (In UK banks can trade shares without having to use London Stock Exchange)
• What are the political tensions in some locations across Europe?

  Elite migrants

  FDI- investment driving up prices

  Open borders-migration

  Deregulation of markets- usually results in job losses