Development

Cards (52)

  • The preoperational stage is the second stage, characterized by the development of symbolic thinking and egocentrism.
  • The sensorimotor stage is the first stage of Piaget's theory, during which infants learn about the world through their senses and motor actions.
  • The concrete operational stage is the third stage, marked by the ability to think logically about concrete objects and events.
  • The formal operational stage is the fourth and final stage, characterized by the ability to think abstractly and hypothetically.
  • Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are not visible or perceived.
  • The concept of object permanence is a key milestone in Piaget's sensorimotor stage
  • The concept of conservation is a key milestone in Piaget's concrete operational stage
  • The concept of egocentrism is a key characteristic of Piaget's preoperational stage
  • The brain stem connects the spinal cord to the brain
  • The thalamus is a sensory processing station
  • The thalamus receives messages from the senses and turns them into appropriate behavioural or motor responses
  • The cortex is where cognition takes place
  • The cerebellum is also known as the little brain
  • The cerebellum coordinates movement and balance
  • The cerebellum fine-tunes the information from the cortex into motor activity such as walking
  • The cortex is also known as the cerebral cortex
  • The cortex is the outer layer of the brain
  • The cortex is split into 4 lobes
  • the cortex is split into the occipital lobe, the temporal lobe, the frontal lobe and the parietal lobe
  • The occipital lobe processes visual information
  • The temporal lobe is involved with hearing
  • The parietal lobe processes information related to touch on the skin like the heat, cold or pain
  • The frontal lobe is associated with cognitive activities such as thinking, planning and problem solving
  • Brain development is affected by both nature and nurture
  • Nature is the idea that our behaviour and characteristics are inherited
  • Nurture is the idea that our behaviour and characteristics are influenced by our environment
  • Autonomic functions are involuntary body functions such as breathing and heart rate
  • A neuron is a specialised nerve cell which generates and transmits an electrical impulse
  • A synapse is the small gap between the dendrite of one neuron and the receptor site of the next one, which allows signals to pass between them
  • Cognition is the mental process involved in gaining knowledge such as thinking, planning and problem solving
  • The concept of conservation is a key milestone in Piaget's concrete operational stage, where children understand that the quantity of a substance remains the same even if its appearance changes.
  • The concept of accommodation is another key process in Piaget's theory, where existing schemas are modified or new schemas are created to fit new information.
  • The concept of assimilation is a key process in Piaget's theory of cognitive development, where new information is incorporated into existing schemas.
  • Sensorimotor stage: 0-2 years old
  • Pre-operational stage: 2-7 years old
  • Concrete operational: 7-11
  • Formal operational: 11+ years
  • Dweck's mindset theory claims there are two types of mindsets: growth and fixed mindset
  • Growth mindset claims if you can't do something, you can't do it yet
  • Fixed mindset claims how you think about yourself and your abilities is fixed and cannot be changed