Cell Structure

• The equation for magnification is image size / actual size
• Factors that affect the rate of osmosis are concentration gradient, temperature and surface area.
• Animal, plant cells and fungi are eukaryotic cells.
• Bacterial cells are prokaryotic cells.
• Prokaryotic cells don’t have a nucleus, instead they have a small circular DNA molecule called plasmids
• Prokaryotes don’t have chloroplasts or mitochondria.
• Chloroplasts are where photosynthesis occurs they contain chlorophyll which absorbs light needs for photosynthesis.
• The cell wall is made up of cellulose and supports and strengthens the cell.
• Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler then eukaryotic cells.
• Cell membrane holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out.
• The xylem and the phloem are specialised plant cells that transport food and water around plants.
• The xylem cells form long tubes with cell walls containing lignin for support
• A graticule is a glass or plastic disc fitted in the eyepiece of a microscope.
• Electron microscopes produce very detailed images. They are incredibly large and incredibly expensive.
• Magnification of the microscope = magnification of eyepiece × magnification of objective lens
• 1 mm = 1000 μm
• Prokaryotic cells have no mitochondria or chloroplasts.