Antibodies and pain killers

• What are antibodies used for in medicine?

  Antibodies are used to cure bacterial diseases.
• What is an example of an antibiotic?

  Penicillin
• What types of pathogens can penicillin kill?

  Penicillin can kill bacteria but not viruses.
• How do painkillers work in relation to disease symptoms?

  Painkillers treat the symptoms of disease but do not kill pathogens.
• What is the purpose of giving very low doses of a drug to volunteers?

  Very low doses are given to check for side effects.
• What is the purpose of testing a drug on a small sample of patients?

  It is to see if it treats the disease effectively.
• What is the next step after testing a drug on a small sample of patients?

  Testing on a larger sample to find the optimum dosage.
• What are the key differences between antibodies and painkillers?

  • Antibodies cure bacterial diseases.
  • Painkillers treat symptoms without killing pathogens.
• What is the process of drug testing from initial trials to determining dosage?

  1. Administer very low doses to volunteers to check for side effects.
  2. Test on a small sample of patients to see if it treats the disease.
  3. Conduct larger trials to determine the optimum dosage.