Skin 4

• What are the two groups of endocrinopathies in companion animal practice?

  Hypothyroidism and non-thyroid-dependent endocrinopathies
• Why are blood tests more diagnostic than histology of skin in hypothyroidism?

  Because skin lesions are variable and non-diagnostic
• What is the most common canine endocrinopathy?

  Hypothyroidism
• What are the common skin lesions associated with canine hypothyroidism?

  Reduced hair growth, increased dermal mucin, and seborrhea
• What is the significance of follicular atrophy and plugging in non-thyroid-dependent endocrinopathies?

  They indicate similar histological lesions across these conditions
• What is calcinosis cutis associated with in dogs?

  Cushing's disease
• What are the clinical signs of Cushing's disease in dogs?

  PU/PD, muscle weakness, pot-belly, and polyphagia
• What breeds are most susceptible to cyclical flank alopecia?

  It is commonly seen in Bulldogs and Boxers
• What causes sex hormone responsive dermatosis in dogs?

  Hyperestrogenism due to adrenal neoplasia or tumors
• What is the effect of growth hormone deficiency in adult animals?

  It can result in alopecia
• What is the primary nutritional cause of hair loss in animals?

  Insufficient dietary protein
• What is laminitis and what can trigger it?

  Inflammation of the hoof laminae triggered by various causes
• What happens to the hoof structure in severe laminitis?

  Necrosis and edema prevent adhesion of the hoof epidermis to the dermis
• What is primary seborrhea and its genetic basis?

  Increased turnover of epidermal cells primarily in dogs, especially Cocker spaniels
• What is the characteristic of secondary seborrhea?

  Increased epidermal turnover caused by allergy or endocrinopathy
• What is "puppy strangles" also known as?

  Juvenile sterile granulomatous dermatitis
• What are the common features of puppy strangles?

  Nodular swelling in the dermis and mandibular lymphadenopathy
• What is plasma cell pododermatitis and its characteristics?

  Swelling of one or multiple paws with lots of plasma cells in cytology
• How do some cases of plasma cell pododermatitis resolve?

  Some cases resolve spontaneously, while others respond to corticosteroids