Acids / Alkalis ⚛️

• What are the learning objectives of the acids and alkalis lesson?

  Recall hazards, describe concentrated vs dilute solutions, compare properties of acids and alkalis.
• What common characteristic do vomit, vinegar, and lemons share?

  They all taste sour due to the presence of acids.
• What type of acid is found in vinegar?

  Ethanoic acid.
• How do alkalis differ from acids in terms of taste and feel?

  Alkalis taste bitter and feel soapy, while acids taste sour.
• What safety precautions should be taken when handling corrosive acids and alkalis?

  Wear eye protection and keep the solution off your skin.
• What hazard symbol indicates a corrosive solution?

  A symbol showing that the solution can burn skin.
• Why is pure ethanoic acid more dangerous than vinegar?

  Pure ethanoic acid contains no water and can cause severe burns.
• What is the difference between concentrated and dilute solutions of an acid?

  A concentrated solution has a higher amount of acid compared to water than a dilute solution.
• What is the pH scale used for?

  To measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
• What is an indicator in the context of acids and alkalis?

  An indicator is a substance that changes color in acidic or alkaline solutions.
• What color does red litmus paper turn when an alkali is added?

  Blue.
• What happens to blue litmus paper when acid is added?

  It turns red.
• What is a strong acid?

  An acid that completely dissociates into ions in solution.
• What is a weak acid?

  An acid that only partially dissociates into ions in solution.
• How does the concentration of an acid affect its pH?

  A more concentrated acid has a lower pH than a dilute acid.
• What is neutralization?

  A chemical reaction between an acid and an alkali to produce a neutral solution.
• What products are formed in a neutralization reaction?

  A salt and water.
• How does an indigestion tablet work in relation to stomach acid?

  It neutralizes excess stomach acid to relieve pain.
• What is a base?

  A substance that neutralizes an acid.
• What happens to the pH when sodium hydroxide is added to an acid?

  The pH increases as the alkali neutralizes the acid.
• What is a salt?

  A substance formed from the reaction of an acid with a metal or base.
• What is produced when an acid reacts with a metal?

  A salt and hydrogen gas.
• How do salts form in nature?

  Salts exist naturally and can also be made in chemical reactions.
• What is the role of sodium chloride in food?

  It is commonly used as a seasoning.
• What happens when a metal reacts with an acid?

  It displaces hydrogen from the acid.
• What is the effect of mixing acids and alkalis on temperature?

  The reaction is exothermic, releasing heat.
• What are the products of the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid?

  Magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas.
• What is the significance of the pH meter in measuring acidity?

  It provides a precise measurement of the pH level of a solution.
• What is the effect of acid rain on plants?

  It can harm or kill plants.