Crime

• What societal changes contributed to higher unemployment in early modern England?

  Increase in population and decline of feudalism
• What led to the enclosure of land during this period?

  End of feudalism and new farming methods
• What was a significant change in people's religious beliefs during early modern England?

  The religion of the monarch changed frequently
• Who ruled early modern England during the period discussed?

  The Tudors and then the Stuarts
• Why did crimes against authority increase during this period?

  Due to religious changes and many rebellions against the monarch
• What types of crimes became more common due to disputes about who should rule?

  Treason and heresy
• How did the role of clergy change in relation to heresy during this period?

  Clergy played a role in punishing and judging heresy
• How were heresy and treason interlinked during early modern England?

  Monarchs became heads of the Church, linking heresy and treason
• What types of crimes increased against the person during this period?

  Street crimes and petty thefts
• What was a common crime against property during early modern England?

  Poaching
• What was the significance of the timeline provided in the study material?

  It outlines key events related to treason and heresy
• Who executed Protestants for heresy during his reign?

  Henry VIII
• What was the consequence for Catholics who refused to accept Henry as head of the Church?

  They were executed for treason
• What law did Edward VI enact regarding treason?

  He executed leaders of rebellions for treason
• What was the fate of many Protestants during Mary’s reign?

  Almost 300 were executed for heresy
• What was Elizabeth I's approach to Catholics during her reign?

  She executed many Catholics for treason
• How did James I treat Catholics during his reign?

  He executed many Catholics for treason
• What is the definition of treason?

  The crime of plotting or acting to overthrow or harm the ruler or country
• What is the definition of heresy?

  The crime of having religious beliefs different from the official religion
• What was the Gunpowder Plot?

  A conspiracy to replace the monarch with another of a different religion
• What led to the increase in vagrancy during the late 15th and 16th centuries?

  Increasing population, falling wages, and rising food prices
• What was the public perception of vagrants during this period?

  They were hated and feared by the settled population
• What actions did vagrants resort to for survival?

  Thieving, begging, and charity
• How did the Vagrancy Act of 1547 punish able-bodied individuals without work?

  They were branded with a 'V' and sold as a slave for two years
• What did the 1601 Poor Laws provide for the deserving poor?

  They were given poor relief by the local parish
• What was the consequence for the undeserving poor under the 1601 Poor Laws?

  They could be branded, whipped, or sent to a correction house
• What was the purpose of the Vagabond Beggars Act of 1494?

  To manage vagrants by splitting them into categories
• What was the impact of smuggling on society in the 17th century?

  It increased dramatically due to import taxes
• How was smuggling viewed by many people during this period?

  It was not seen as a serious crime or threat
• How did witchcraft laws change during the early modern period?

  New laws made witchcraft a serious offense
• What was the punishment for witchcraft under Henry VIII?

  It was punishable by death
• What change did Elizabeth I make regarding witchcraft trials?

  Charges had to be tried in a common court
• What instruction did James I give regarding witchcraft in 1604?

  The death penalty was to be given for summoning evil spirits
• How did the methods of preventing crime vary across the country?

  They varied based on local practices and resources