Setting Goals for Success

• Success - outcome of hard work and determination that must be shaped over a long process
• Abraham Maslow - pioneered studies on needs, goals, and motivation
• Motivation - directs a person's behavior toward a particular goal
• Goal - the object toward which the behavior is directed, usually within a specified period of time
• Goal - defined simply as what the individual is consciously trying to do
• Goals - motivate people to develop strategies that will enable them to perform better
• What are the categories of goals?

  Short-term, Long-term
• Short-Term Goals - are those that can be achieved in a day, week, or year
• Long-Term Goals - are usually achieved over a year or more
• What are two factors which may influence goals?

  Values, Needs
• Values - these could be the basis for what is desirable, correct, and good
• Values - are those which the person considers personally important and worthy
• Needs - a lack of something that may propel a person to act
• Drive-Reduction Theory - according to this theory, humans are motivated to satisfy needs in order to maintain homeostasis or internal equilibrium
• What are two classifications of needs?

  Physiological, Psychological
• Physiological Needs - are innate needs of the body such as food, water, etc.
• Psychological Needs - arise from relationship with other people such as affiliation, achievement, altruism, esteem, and status
• What was the theory developed by Maslow?

  Hierarchy of Needs
• What are the levels in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

  Physiological, Safety, Love and Belonging, Esteem, Self-Actualization
• Physiological Needs - needs that includes food, water, air, sleep, and sex
• Safety Needs - the need to be secure from danger, illness, and threat
• Love and Belonging Needs - the need to feel loved, accepted, and included
• Self-Esteem - includes being accepted, respected, and valued by others
• Self-Actualization - refers to self-fulfillment or achievement of one's potentialities
• Self-Efficacy - defined as the person's belief that he/she can successfully perform behaviors that will produce desired effects
• Who defined self-efficacy as the belief of producing desired outcomes?

  Albert Bandura
• Self-Efficacy - entails judgement of personal capacity
• Who suggested that there two categories of mindset?

  Carol Dweck
• What are the two categories of mindset?

  Fix, Growth
• Fixed Mindset - one's belief that their basic qualities, like intelligence or talents, are simply already-defined, unchangeable traits
• Fixed Mindset - one's mindset which includes worrying about making mistakes
• Growth Mindset - one's belief that their most basic abilities can be developed through dedication and hard work
• Growth Mindset - includes students to understand that mistakes and effort are critical to learning
• Goal Setting - the process of improving work performance of individuals
• What does SMART means?

  Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Time-Bound
• SMART - embodies the fundamental practices necessary for achieving increased motivation