lesson 9: hydrometeorological hazards

• UNISDR

  United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
• hydrometeorological hazards


  are caused by extreme meteorological and climate events, such as floods, droughts, tornadoes, etc.
• cyclone


  is a low-pressure center where the winds move into the low-pressure center while being forced upwards.
• coriolis effect


  • this deflection happens because the earth rotates on its axis.
  • circulates air toward the right in the northern hemisphere, and towards the left in the southern hemisphere.
• hurricane


  when it occurs in the atlantic and northeast pacific
• typhoon


  when it occurs in the northwest pacific
• cyclone


  when it occurs in the southwest pacific and indian ocean
• rotation of a cyclone

  clockwise
• rotation of a typhoon

  counter clockwise
• thunderstorm


  • is a short but intense storm accompanied by precipitation such as hail, lightning, thunder, and gusty winds.
  • normally develop in warm airnwith high moisture
• tornadoes


  • is considered the smallest but most violent weather disturbance.
  • they form from intense thunderstorms and rrsemble a long, narrow rope-like funnel.
• hurricanes


  is a highly intense low-pressure area with winds as high as 118 km/h.
• tropical cyclone


  • an intense low-pressure center; generally hundreds of kilometers wide, carries strong winds
  • it gets it's energy from vaporization
• PAR

  Philippine Area of Responsibility
• 20


  how many tropical cyclones enter the PAR every year?
• 26.5°C / 80°F


  temperature of a tropical cyclone's warm ocean water
• flooding


  is usually caused by heavy rains and the water blown by the winds to the shore.
• strong winds


  may cause severe structural damage during cyclones
• landslides and mudflows


  may occur in mountainous and landslide-prone areas
• monsoons


  • are seasonal variations in the prevailing or strongest wind direction of a particular region.
  • they result in wet and dry seasons in tropical regions.
• amihan


  northeast monsoon
• habagat


  southwest monsoon
• flood


  is usually a brief rise in water level
• flood hazard mapping


  is used to determine and locate the areas which are susceptible to flooding when water exceeds the coast or bank.
• primary hazards


  occur due to contact with water
• secondary hazards


  occur due to flooding
• climate change


  refers to long term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns