intro

• What does the term kinesiology derive from?

  Kinesis meaning movement and logos meaning study or knowledge
• What is kinesiology?

  Kinesiology is the study of human movement
• What are the classifications of kinesiology?

  • Anatomical kinesiology: focuses on functional anatomy without forces
  • Mechanical kinesiology: applies mechanical principles to living structures, also known as biomechanics
• What are the purposes of studying kinesiology?

  • Organizing and applying facts from basic sciences
  • Analyzing movement performance
  • Understanding body structure roles in performance
  • Improving performance in exercises and daily activities
  • Efficiently using body mechanics
  • Evaluating exercises' effects on the body
• How can the human body be divided?

  • Axial body: central core (head, neck, trunk)
  • Appendicular body: limbs and appendages
• What defines a body part?

  A body part is a part that can move independently and generally contains a bone
• How many major body parts are there in the human body?

  • 11 major body parts:
  • Head
  • Neck
  • Trunk
  • Pelvis
  • Thigh
  • Leg
  • Foot
  • Shoulder girdle
  • Arm
  • Forearm
  • Hand
• What is a joint?

  A joint is located between two adjacent body parts
• What are the reference positions in kinesiology?

  • Anatomic standing position
  • Fundamental standing positions
  • Derived positions: lying (supine, prone), sitting (short, long), kneeling, quadruped
• What are the characteristics of the anatomical position?

  1. Standing erect, facing forward
  2. Arms at sides, palms facing forward
  3. Fingers and thumbs extended
• What is a plane in kinesiology?

  • An imaginary surface on which movement takes place
• What is an axis in kinesiology?

  • An imaginary straight line around which movement takes place
• What are the types of planes in kinesiology?

  1. Planes defined with reference to earth's surface (horizontal, vertical)
  2. Planes defined with reference to the body (used for kinesiological analysis)
• What are the cardinal planes of motion?

  • Anteroposterior (Sagittal) Plane
  • Coronal (Frontal) Plane
  • Transverse (Horizontal) Plane
• What does the sagittal plane do?

  It divides the body into equal right and left halves
• What does the transverse plane do?

  It divides the body into superior and inferior halves
• What is an oblique plane?

  An oblique plane occurs when movements are not purely in sagittal, frontal, or transverse planes
• What are kinesiological axes?

  • Imaginary lines around which body parts move
  • Movement around an axis is called axial movement
  • Three cardinal axes: Mediolateral, Anteroposterior, Superioroinferior
• What is the frontal axis?

  The frontal axis runs from medial to lateral
• What is the sagittal axis?

  The sagittal axis runs from anterior to posterior
• What is the longitudinal axis?

  The longitudinal axis runs from superior to inferior
• What is the skeletal system composed of?

  • 206 bones in total
  • Axial skeleton: 80 bones
  • Appendicular skeleton: 126 bones
  • Composed of calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, collagen, and water
• What are the functions of the skeletal system?

  • Protection of inner organs
  • Structural support
  • Leverage for muscle attachment
  • Storage reservoir for calcium
  • Blood cell formation (Hemotpoiesis)
• What are the types of bones according to shape?

  • Long bones: humerus, fibula
  • Short bones: carpals, tarsals
  • Flat bones: skull, scapula
  • Irregular bones: pelvis, spine
  • Sesamoid bones: patella