P2 magnetism

• What are the two ends of a bar magnet called?

  The poles
• What is the difference between permanent and induced magnets?

  A permanent magnet produces its own magnetic field, while an induced magnet becomes a magnet in a magnetic field
• Where are the magnetic forces strongest on a magnet?


  At the poles of the magnet
• What happens when two like poles of magnets are brought close together?

  They repel each other
• What occurs when unlike poles of magnets are brought close together?

  They attract each other
• What type of forces are the attraction and repulsion between two magnetic poles?

  Non-contact forces
• What happens when a permanent magnet is brought close to another permanent magnet?

  They can attract or repel each other depending on the direction
• What is an example of a permanent magnet?

  A bar magnet
• What is an induced magnet?

  An object that becomes a magnet when placed in a magnetic field
• What happens to objects placed in a magnetic field created by a permanent magnet?

  They become induced magnets
• What is the key fact about induced magnetism?

  It always causes a force of attraction
• What happens to induced magnets when the permanent magnet is removed?

  They lose most or all of their magnetism quickly
• What are the characteristics of permanent and induced magnets?

  • Permanent magnets:
  • Produce their own magnetic field
  • Example: bar magnet
  • Induced magnets:
  • Become magnets in a magnetic field
  • Always attract
  • Lose magnetism when the field is removed
• What is an induced magnet?

  An induced magnet becomes a magnet when placed in a magnetic field.
• What is a permanent magnet?

  A permanent magnet always has a magnetic field.
• What are the four types of magnetic materials?

  • Iron
  • Steel (an alloy of iron)
  • Cobalt
  • Nickel
• What is a magnetic field?

  A magnetic field is a region around a magnet where a force acts on another magnet or magnetic material.
• What happens when a magnetic material like iron is placed in a magnetic field?

  It experiences a force of attraction towards the magnet.
• How does the strength of a magnetic field change with distance from the magnet?

  The strength of the magnetic field decreases with distance from the magnet.
• Where is the magnetic field strongest in a magnet?

  The magnetic field is strongest at the poles of the magnet.
• How can the direction of a magnetic field be found?

  The direction of a magnetic field can be found using a magnetic compass.
• How do you plot the magnetic field pattern of a magnet using a compass?

  1. Place the compass near the North Pole of the bar magnet.
  2. Draw a cross at the North Pole of the compass.
  3. Move the compass so the South Pole is on the cross and draw another cross.
  4. Repeat until a complete magnetic field line is plotted.
  5. Connect the dots with a line and indicate direction with an arrow.
• What does a magnetic compass contain?

  A magnetic compass contains a small bar magnet.
• What does it indicate when the lines of a magnetic field are closer together?

  It indicates that the magnetic field is strongest in that area.
• What does the needle of a compass point to when held away from any magnets?

  The needle always points in the north-south direction.
• What is the reason for the Earth's magnetic field?

  The Earth's magnetic field is due to the Earth's core.
• What is the effect of a current flowing through a conducting wire?

  A magnetic field is produced around the wire
• How can you prove that a magnetic field exists around a wire carrying current?

  By using a compass
• What happens to the compass needle when the current is turned off?

  It lines up with the Earth's magnetic field
• What occurs to the compass needle when the current is turned on?

  It deflects, indicating a magnetic field
• How does the strength of the magnetic field relate to the size of the current?

  A larger current produces a stronger magnetic field
• Where is the magnetic field strongest around a wire?

  It is strongest closer to the wire
• What happens to the magnetic field if the direction of the current is changed?

  The direction of the magnetic field also changes
• What rule is used to determine the direction of the magnetic field produced by a wire?

  The right hand grip rule
• How do you position your right hand to use the right hand grip rule?

  Thumb points in the direction of the conventional current
• What shape is formed when the wire is coiled?

  A solenoid
• What happens to the magnetic field when the current is turned on in a solenoid?

  A strong and uniform magnetic field is produced inside the solenoid
• How does the magnetic field around a solenoid compare to that of a bar magnet?

  It has a similar shape to the magnetic field around a bar magnet
• How can you determine the direction of the magnetic field in a solenoid?

  By using the right hand grip rule
• What does placing your right hand in a fist with fingers curling in the direction of the conventional current indicate?

  Your thumb points in the direction of the north pole