Waves test revision:

• What is frequency in the context of waves?

  Number of complete waves passing a point each second
• What do waves transfer through a medium?

  Energy
• What is the period of a wave?

  Amount of time it takes for a complete wave to pass a point
• What happens to air particles when sound waves move away?

  The air particles don't move with the wave
• What is amplitude in wave terminology?

  Maximum displacement of a point on a wave from its rest position
• What is wavelength?

  Length of a full cycle of a wave
• What can happen when a wave hits a boundary?

  It can be absorbed, transmitted, or reflected
• How are oscillations in transverse waves oriented?

  Perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer
• What are the types of transverse waves?

  • Ripples in water
  • Electromagnetic waves (e.g. light)
• What are the types of longitudinal waves?

  • Sound waves
  • P-waves
• What is the wave equation for wave speed?

  Wave speed \( v = f\lambda \)
• What does 1 Hz represent in wave terminology?

  1 wave per second
• What is the angle of incidence in reflection?

  It always equals the angle of reflection
• How are oscillations in longitudinal waves oriented?

  Parallel to the direction of energy transfer
• What is the difference between diffuse and specular reflection?

  • Diffuse reflection: rays scattered in all directions
  • Specular reflection: rays travel in one direction
• What happens to a wave during refraction?

  It changes direction as it crosses a boundary
• What occurs to a wave's speed and wavelength when it bends towards the normal?

  The wave slows down and the wavelength decreases
• What happens when a wave bends away from the normal?

  The wave speeds up and the wavelength increases
• What happens to wave fronts after refraction?

  They are closer together as wavelength has decreased