1. Computer Systems

• Floating point numbers are made up of two parts

  • The mantissa: The number
  • The exponent: The power
• Extended ASCII uses 8 bits, and can represent 256 characters.
• Interpreter is a type of translater that:

  • Translates every line while you are still coding
• Lossless Compression

  • Reduces file size with no loss of quality
• Lossy Compression

  • Loses original image quality
  • Only effective on larger image files
• ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)

  • Performs arithmetic operations (+, -, /, *)
  • Performs logic operations (AND, OR, IF)
  • Performs comparisons (>, <, =, ≠, ≥, ≤)
• Control Unit

  • controls step by step running of all other parts of the CPU
  • makes sure program instructions are fetched, decoded, and executed in the correct order
• Registers

  • Temporary stores info that the processor needs to complete
• There are many ways to reduce energy use, such as:

  • reduce brightness
  • power down when not in use
  • remove external devices
• Complier is a type of translator that:

  • Translates whole program at once
• There are two types of translators:

  • Complier
  • Interpreter
• Address Bus

  • Carries memory location from processor to RAM
  • One directional
• Data bus

  • Carries data to and from the processor and main memory
• Bitmap graphics


  Stored by giving each pixel a binary value
• Vector Graphics - Objects

  • Rectangle
  • Eclipse
  • Polygon
  • Line
• Vector Graphics - Attributes

  • Coordinates
  • Line colour
  • Fill colour